Abstract
Evolution of early eukaryotes in the primitive Earth relied heavily on the origin and evolution of mitochondria. Understanding the structure and origin of mitochondria has a germane relation to understanding origin and evolution of eukaryotes. In light of the extreme conditions and the then existing Proterozoic ocean chemistry, eukaryotic cells developed adaptive adjustments for energy management. Apart from mitochondria, more reduced homologues like hydrogenosomes and mitosomes facilitated the metabolic activities of such eukaryotic life. In this short review, I highlight the importance of mitochondria in pushing eukaryotes to the peak of the evolutionary pyramid. Our knowledge has expanded but studying recent eukaryotic extremophiles and mitochondrial genomics in more details will enable us to estimate the position of the mitochondrial clock, understand its role better, and possibly find new eukaryotic lineages.
Acknowledgements
I sincerely thank Dr. Jiasong Fang for his critics and suggestions. My regards go to Prof. Xiaotong Peng for giving me enough chance and time to complete this review. I thank my colleagues and friends in Tongji University and Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, CAS, for their valuable advice during preparation. I also take this chance to acknowledge the brilliant scientists who have dedicatedly worked in understanding this research field; at the same time my apologies for missing out names of many such scholars in my review.
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©2016 Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences
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Articles in the same Issue
- Cellular and Molecular Biology
- Mitochondrial clock: moderating evolution of early eukaryotes in light of the Proterozoic oceans
- Cellular and Molecular Biology
- Induced sterility in fish and its potential and challenges for aquaculture and germ cell transplantation technology: a review
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- Human impact on sandy beach vegetation along the southeastern Adriatic coast
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- Temporal dynamics in the genetic structure of a natural population of Picea abies
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- Ecotypic adaptations in Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) for altitudinal stress tolerance
- Botany
- Zinc sulfide nanoparticle mediated alterations in growth and anti-oxidant status of Brassica juncea
- Zoology
- Climatic conditions driving a part of changes in the biochemical composition in land snails: Insights from the endangered Codringtonia(Gastropoda: Pulmonata)
- Zoology
- New and little known ptyctimous mites (Acari: Oribatida) with a key to known species of Oribotritia from the Australasian Region
- Zoology
- Using radio telemetry to track ground beetles: Movement of Carabus ullrichii
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- Trophic relations between adult water beetles from the Dytiscidae family and non-biting midges (Diptera: Chironomidae)
- Zoology
- Role of the invasive Chinese sleeper Perccottus glenii (Actinopterygii: Odontobutidae) in the distribution of fish parasites in Europe: New data and a review
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