Startseite The Effect of Neighborhood Fast Food on Children’s BMI: Evidence from a Sample of Movers
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The Effect of Neighborhood Fast Food on Children’s BMI: Evidence from a Sample of Movers

  • Yiwei Qian , Michael R. Thomsen EMAIL logo , Rodolfo M. Nayga und Heather L. Rouse
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 19. August 2017
The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy
Aus der Zeitschrift The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy Band 17 Heft 4

Abstract

We use a statewide panel dataset and an instrumental variable strategy to identify the effect of neighborhood fast food on the BMI z-scores of Arkansas public schoolchildren. As in earlier studies, we use distance from the child’s residence to the nearest major highway as an instrument for the density of fast-food restaurants. The sample is limited to children who moved at least once during the study period to ensure temporal variation in our instrument. Neighborhood fast food does have significant and positive effects on their BMI z-scores. The effect is disproportionately large for children who are rural, non-minority and female.

Keywords: childhood obesity; BMI z-score; fast food; instrumental variables
JEL Classification: I10; Q18

Funding statement: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number P20GM109096. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. This work as also supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2011-68001-30014 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture.

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A Appendix

Table 8:

IV fixed effects estimates (N = 530,628) for combinations of retail store types.

Fast food only (original specification)Fast food & full-service restaurant & convenience store
A half mile0.0792*0.0172**
(0.0204)(0.0044)
Average count of retail stores0.532.66
Average effect0.0420.046
One mile0.0277*0.0060*
(0.0071)(0.0015)
Average count of retail stores1.969.58
Average effect0.0540.057
Two miles0.0089*0.0019*
(0.0023)(0.0005)
Average count of retail stores5.9229.01
Average effect0.0530.055
Five miles0.0026*0.0005*
(0.0007)(0.0001)
Average count of retail stores17.7393.00
Average effect0.0460.047

  1. Note: This table presents the IV fixed effects estimates for different variables of interest. In the first column, the variable of interest is fast food only. In the second column, the variable of interest is “fast food + convenience stores + full-service restaurants”. All models also include other control variables reported in Table 5 and Table 6. Average count of retail stores gives the number of each type of retail store (i. e. the number of fast food and the number of “fast food + convenience stores + full-service restaurants”) within certain distance. Robust standard errors are in parenthesis and are clustered at the individual level. Asterisks indicate significance: ***. **, and * at the 0.01, 0.05, and 0.10 levels, respectively.

B Appendix

Table 9:

IV fixed effects estimates (N = 547,912) for different sets of retail store control variables.

Original specificationIncluding full-service restaurantsIncluding convenience storesIncluding full-service restaurants & convenience stores
A half mile0.0792**0.1888**0.1202**0.22**
(0.0204)(0.0551)(0.0324)(0.065)
One mile0.0277**0.088**0.0494**0.1264**
(0.0071)(0.0254)(0.0132)(0.0376)
Two miles0.0089**0.0123**0.0113**0.0136**
(0.0023)(0.0034)(0.003)(0.0038)
Five miles0.0026**0.0027**0.0027**0.0028**
(0.0007)(0.0007)(0.0007)(0.0008)

  1. Note: This table presents the IV fixed effects estimates for models that include different sets of variables (i. e., retail store type) from the base specification exhibited in Table 5 and Table 6. The first column is the base model, the second column includes full-service restaurants as a control variable, the third column includes convenience stores as a control variable and the last column includes both full-service restaurants and convenience stores as control variables. Robust standard errors appear in parenthesis and are clustered at the individual level. Asterisks indicate significance: ***. **, and * at the 0.01, 0.05, and 0.10 levels, respectively.

Published Online: 2017-8-19

© 2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Research Articles
  2. The Effectiveness of Public Subsidies for Private Innovations. An Experimental Approach
  3. Household Production and the Elasticity of Marginal Utility of Consumption
  4. The Effect of Neighborhood Fast Food on Children’s BMI: Evidence from a Sample of Movers
  5. Financial Constraints: Do They Matter to Allocate R&D Subsidies?
  6. Structuring Subsidies in a Long-Term Credit Relationship
  7. Crime and Establishment Size: Evidence from South America
  8. Does the National Flood Insurance Program Have Redistributional Effects?
  9. Effective Policies for Transportation and Pollution Reduction on North America’s International Borders
  10. School Bond Referendum, Capital Expenditure, and Student Achievement
  11. Understanding the Unequal Post-Great Recession Wealth Recovery for American Families
  12. The Impact of Innovation on Financial and Insurance Services Exports
  13. The Impact of Fiscal Transparency on Corruption: An Empirical Analysis Based on Longitudinal Data
  14. The Great Depression of Income: Historical Estimates of the Longer-Run Impact of Entering the Labor Market during a Recession
  15. Letters
  16. Unilateral Technology Sharing among Competitors in Markets with Heterogeneous Consumers
  17. The Impact of Public Smoking Bans on Smoking Behaviour: Evidence from an Australian Experiment
https://doi.org/10.1515/bejeap-2016-0251
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
childhood obesity; BMI z-score; fast food; instrumental variables

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Research Articles
  2. The Effectiveness of Public Subsidies for Private Innovations. An Experimental Approach
  3. Household Production and the Elasticity of Marginal Utility of Consumption
  4. The Effect of Neighborhood Fast Food on Children’s BMI: Evidence from a Sample of Movers
  5. Financial Constraints: Do They Matter to Allocate R&D Subsidies?
  6. Structuring Subsidies in a Long-Term Credit Relationship
  7. Crime and Establishment Size: Evidence from South America
  8. Does the National Flood Insurance Program Have Redistributional Effects?
  9. Effective Policies for Transportation and Pollution Reduction on North America’s International Borders
  10. School Bond Referendum, Capital Expenditure, and Student Achievement
  11. Understanding the Unequal Post-Great Recession Wealth Recovery for American Families
  12. The Impact of Innovation on Financial and Insurance Services Exports
  13. The Impact of Fiscal Transparency on Corruption: An Empirical Analysis Based on Longitudinal Data
  14. The Great Depression of Income: Historical Estimates of the Longer-Run Impact of Entering the Labor Market during a Recession
  15. Letters
  16. Unilateral Technology Sharing among Competitors in Markets with Heterogeneous Consumers
  17. The Impact of Public Smoking Bans on Smoking Behaviour: Evidence from an Australian Experiment
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