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Alchemical lexica in Syriac: planetary signs, code names and medicines

  • Matteo Martelli EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: May 20, 2021
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Abstract

Technical terminology and Decknamen represent key hallmarks of the alchemical literature in different traditions. The opacity of this vocabulary makes the reading of alchemical texts difficult and, in order to cope with similar challenges, Byzantine, Syriac and Arabic scholars soon started compiling technical vocabularies. In my paper I shall investigate two (partially overlapping) lexica, which open the BL Syriac alchemical MSS Egerton 709 and Oriental 1593. On the one hand, I will explore the variety of sources used by the anonymous compiler(s) to assemble these useful tools (Byzantine alchemists as well as the Greek medical tradition; Syro-Arabic lexicography). On the other, particular attention will be given to the structure and mise en page of the two lexica, which will be compared with analogous alchemical dictionaries in the Byzantine (e.g. MS Marcianus gr. 299) and Arabic (e.g. MS Gotha 1261) traditions.


Corresponding author: Matteo Martelli, Department of Philosophy and Communication Studies, University of Bologna, via Zamboni 38, 40126 Bologna, Italy, E-mail:

  1. Research Funding: This publication is part of the research project Alchemy in the Making: From Ancient Babylonia via Graeco-Roman Egypt into the Byzantine, Syriac, and Arabic Traditions, acronym AlchemEast. The AlchemEast project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (G.A. 724914).

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Received: 2020-09-15
Accepted: 2021-02-01
Published Online: 2021-05-20
Published in Print: 2021-05-26

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