Abstract
This paper addresses the work of the Austrian poet Friederike Mayröcker (1924–2021) with an interdisciplinary approach contextualised within Cognitive Poetics and Cognitive Literary Theory studies. The specific focus of this study is the voice and the meaning produced through the proposed notion of a ‘poetic spoken atmosphere’. The poetic spoken atmosphere is understood here not as the unique property of an audio-text but rather as an intersubjective phenomenon emerging at the intersection of the poetic language and a listener. This notion underlines the importance of voice and its effects in the dynamics of poetry reception in order to investigate sound patterns and meaning-making dynamics, approaching three specific processes – rhythm, expectation, and emotion. The general theoretical frame of this study is based on principles of both phenomenology and cognitive sciences. Likewise, the analysis of Mayröcker’s poems is based on her recordings, available on the Lyrikline platform of the Haus für Poesie Berlin, from which spectrograms were generated to complement the textual and acoustic analysis. The observations of this study address the vocal structures modulating what can be termed an ‘insideness’, which allows to analyze sound attributes such as duration, intensity, ubiquity, and disappearing. Recognising such attributes help us to understand the emotional level of poetic sounds, i. e. the relationship between feeling and meaning in listening, hypothesising that meaning is indeed felt. Finally, the paper offers a comparative perspective that suggests further research on the basis of the paper’s theoretical-analytical methodology, and it provides specific examples from several literary systems.
Note
This paper is the result of two research stays – at the University of Oslo (2022) and at the University of Munich (2023), whose colleagues I wish to thank here.
Works Cited
Arteel, Inge. Friederike Mayröcker. Hannover: Wehrhahn, 2012. Search in Google Scholar
Arteel, Inge. gefaltet, entfaltet. Strategien der Subjektwerdung in Friederike Mayröckers Prosa 1988–1998. Bielefeld: Aisthesis, 2007.Search in Google Scholar
Arteel, Inge. “Konstellationen des Stimmhaften und der Anrede in Mayröckers Lyrik.” Fragen zum Lyrischen in Friederike Mayröckers Poesie. Eds. Inge Arteel and Eleonore De Felip. Heidelberg: J. B. Metzler, 2020. 17–34.10.1007/978-3-476-05725-9_2Search in Google Scholar
Arteel, Inge, and Eleonore De Felip, eds. Fragen zum Lyrischen in Friederike Mayröckers Poesie. Heidelberg: J. B. Metzler, 2020.10.1007/978-3-476-05725-9Search in Google Scholar
Arteel, Inge, and Heidy Margrit Müller, eds. “Rupfen in fremden Gärten” Intertextualität im Schreiben Friederike Mayröckers. Bielefeld: Aisthesis, 2002. Search in Google Scholar
Attridge, Derek. Poetic Rhythm: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1995.Search in Google Scholar
Benthien, Claudia, and Wiebke Vorrath. “German Sound Poetry from the Neo-Avant-Garde to the Digital Age”. Sound Effects 7.1 (Dec. 2017): 4–26.10.7146/se.v7i1.97176Search in Google Scholar
Böhme, Gernot. Atmosphäre. Essays zur neuen Ästhetik. Berlin: Suhrkamp, 2013.10.30965/9783846756515_004Search in Google Scholar
Böhme, Gernot. “The Voice in Bodily Space.” Dialogue and Universalism 24.4 (2014): 54–61.10.5840/du201424490Search in Google Scholar
Blohm, Stefan, Maria Kraxenberger, Christine A. Knoop, and Mathias Scharinger. “Sound Shape and Sound Effects of Literary Texts.” Handbook of Empirical Literary Studies. Eds. Donald Kuiken and Arthur M. Jacobs. Berlin and Boston: De Gruyter, 2021. 7–38.10.1515/9783110645958-002Search in Google Scholar
Chen, Gafni, and Reuven Tsur. “‘Softened’ voice quality in poetry reading and listener response.” Scientific Study of Literature 5.1 (Jan. 2015): 49–83.10.1075/ssol.5.1.03tsuSearch in Google Scholar
Colonna, Valentina. Voices of Italian Poets. Storia e analisi fonetica della lettura della poesia del Novecento. Alessandria: Dell’Orso, 2022.Search in Google Scholar
Dolar, Mladen. A Voice and Nothing More. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2006. 10.7551/mitpress/7137.001.0001Search in Google Scholar
Fónagy, Iván. “Communication in poetry.” Word 17 (1961): 194–218.10.1080/00437956.1961.11659754Search in Google Scholar
Fuchs, Thomas. “Zur Phänomenologie der Stimmungen.” Stimmung und Methode. Eds. Friederike Reents and Burkhard Meyer-Sickendiek. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2013. 17–31.Search in Google Scholar
Gadamer, Hans-Georg. “Hören – Sehen – Lesen.” Ästhetik und Poetik I. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck. 1993. 271–8. Search in Google Scholar
Gadamer, Hans-Georg. “Stimme und Sprache.” Ästhetik und Poetik I. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 1993. 258–70. Search in Google Scholar
Gillett, Robert. “‘Lieber in Gedanken Reisen’: Some Notes on the Back of a Camel.” Austrian Studies 12 (2004): 214–30. 10.1353/aus.2004.0021Search in Google Scholar
Heine, Stefanie. Poetics of Breathing. Modern Literature’s Syncope. Albany: SUNY, 2021.10.1515/9781438483597Search in Google Scholar
Hogan, Patrick Colm, Bradley J. Irish, and Lalita Pandit Hogan, eds. The Routledge Companion to Literature and Emotion. Abingdon and New York: Routledge, 2022. 10.4324/9780367809843Search in Google Scholar
Jacobs, Arthur, Jana Lüdtke, and Burkhard Meyer-Sickendiek. “Bausteine einer Neurokognitiven Poetik: Foregrounding/Backgrounding lyrische Stimmung und ästhetisches Gefallen.” Stimmung und Methode. Eds. Friederike Reents and Burkhard Meyer-Sickendiek. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2013. 63–94.Search in Google Scholar
Koppenfels, Martin von, and Cornelia Zumbusch. Handbuch Literatur & Emotionen. Berlin and Boston: De Gruyter, 2016.10.1515/9783110303247Search in Google Scholar
Kuiken, Donald, and Arthur M. Jacobs. Handbook of Empirical Literary Studies. Berlin and Boston: De Gruyter, 2021.10.1515/9783110645958Search in Google Scholar
Lewis, Rhiannon. “Pronunciation.” The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics. Eds. Ronald Greene and Stephen Cushman. Princeton: Princeton UP, 2012. 1110–1.Search in Google Scholar
Lilja, Eva. Rhythm in Modern Poetry: An Essay in Cognitive Versification Studies. New York and London: Bloomsbury, 2023.10.5040/9798765101001Search in Google Scholar
Lilja, Eva, and Lena Hopsch. “Principles of Rhythm: Temporal and Spatial Aspects.” Changing Borders. Contemporary Positions in Intermediality. Eds. Jens Arvidson, Mikael Askander, Jørgen Bruhn, and Heidrun Führer. Lund: Intermedia Studies Press, 2007. 361–76. Search in Google Scholar
Literaturmuseum. “‘ich denke in langsamen Blitzen.’ Friederike Mayröcker. Jahrhundertdichterin.” Exhibition, 18 April 2024–16 Feb. 2025, onb.ac.at/museen/literaturmuseum/programm/ich-denke-in-langsamen-blitzen-friederike-mayroecker-jahrhundertdichterin. Accessed 24 June 2024.Search in Google Scholar
Martin, Serge. L’Impératif de la voix: de Paul Eluard à Jacques Ancet. Paris: Garnier. 2019. Search in Google Scholar
Mayröcker, Friederike. Gesammelte Gedichte: 1939–2003. Berlin: Suhrkamp, 2019.Mayröcker, Friederike. “bin jetzt mehr in Canaillen Stimmung.” lyrikline.org/en/poems/bin-jetzt-mehr-canaillen-stimmung-62. Accessed 24 June 2024.Search in Google Scholar
Mayröcker, Friederike. “lieber in Gedanken reisen, Hokusai.” lyrikline.org/en/poems/lieber-gedanken-reisen-hokusai-65. Accessed 24 June 2024.Search in Google Scholar
Mayröcker, Friederike. “die Vogel Kutsche.” lyrikline.org/en/poems/die-vogel-kutsche-59. Accessed 24 June 2024.Search in Google Scholar
Meyer-Sickendiek, Burkhard. “Phänomenologie: ‘Nachts war Regen’. Friederike Mayröckers Hermetisierung des Atmosphärischen.” Phänomene der Atmosphäre. Eds. Urs Büttner and Ines Theilen. Stuttgart: J. B. Metzler, 2017. 97–109.10.1007/978-3-476-04492-1_6Search in Google Scholar
Pauler, Monika. Bewußtseinsstimmen. Friederike Mayröckers auditive Texte: Hörspiele, Radioadaptionen und ‘Prosa-Libretti’ 1967–2005. Münster: LIT Verlag, 2010. Search in Google Scholar
Reents, Friederike, and Burkhard Meyer-Sickendiek. Stimmung und Methode. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2013.Search in Google Scholar
Rustad, Hans Kristian Strandstuen. Situating Scandinavian Poetry in the Computational Network Environment. Berlin and Boston: De Gruyter, 2023.10.1515/9783111004075Search in Google Scholar
Snaith, Anna, ed. Sound and Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2020. 10.1017/9781108855532Search in Google Scholar
Stein Larsen, Peter, and Louise Mønster, eds. Dansk samtidslyrik. Aalborg: Aalborg Universitetsforlag, 2015.Search in Google Scholar
Strohmaier, Alexandra. Logos, Leib und Tod. Leiden: Brill and Fink, 2019. Search in Google Scholar
Tsur, Reuven. Playing by Ear and the Tip of the Tongue. Precategorial Information in Poetry. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2012.Search in Google Scholar
Tsur, Reuven. Poetic Rhythm. Structure and Performance – An Empirical Study in Cognitive Poetics. Eastbourne: Sussex Academic Press, 2012.10.2307/j.ctv30c9fctSearch in Google Scholar
Vorrath, Wiebke. “Das Gedicht im Hörbuch. Präsentationsformen und Rezeptionsweisen zeitgenössischer Hörlyrik.” Phänomen Hörbuch. Interdisziplinäre Perspektiven und medialer Wandel. Eds. Stephanie Bung and Jenny Schrödl. Bielefeld: transcript, 2016. 103–16.10.1515/9783839434383-006Search in Google Scholar
Vorrath, Wiebke. Hörlyrik der Gegenwart: Auditive Poesie in digitalen Medien. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann. 2019. Search in Google Scholar
Weber, Julia. Das multiple Subjekt. Randgänge ästhetischer Subjektivität bei Fernando Pessoa, Samuel Beckett und Friederike Mayröcker. Berlin: Wilhelm Fink, 2019.Search in Google Scholar
Zumthor, Paul. La poésie et la voix dans la civilisation médiévale. Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 1984.Search in Google Scholar
© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Frontmatter
- Distant-Reading Communities: Monolingualisation in Fin-de-Siècle European Literary Historiography
- „Eine Sprache ausstellen“
- Transtextual Paths: Dream of the Red Chamber as a Source of Borgesian Labyrinth
- Indigenous Feminism in Environmental Sustainability: Zora Neale Hurston’s Dust Tracks on A Road (1942)
- Felt Anticipation: Rhythm, Expectation, and Emotion in Friederike Mayröcker’s Poetic Spoken Atmospheres
- Look Back in Hunger: The Metaphorization of Women as Food in Tim O’Brien’s Tomcat in Love
- Review
- Sarah Maria Teresa Goeth: Analogie zwischen Wissenschaft und Ästhetik. Eine Vermittlungsfigur der Moderne bei Kant, Novalis und Goethe. Berlin und Boston: De Gruyter, 2023. 377 S.
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Frontmatter
- Distant-Reading Communities: Monolingualisation in Fin-de-Siècle European Literary Historiography
- „Eine Sprache ausstellen“
- Transtextual Paths: Dream of the Red Chamber as a Source of Borgesian Labyrinth
- Indigenous Feminism in Environmental Sustainability: Zora Neale Hurston’s Dust Tracks on A Road (1942)
- Felt Anticipation: Rhythm, Expectation, and Emotion in Friederike Mayröcker’s Poetic Spoken Atmospheres
- Look Back in Hunger: The Metaphorization of Women as Food in Tim O’Brien’s Tomcat in Love
- Review
- Sarah Maria Teresa Goeth: Analogie zwischen Wissenschaft und Ästhetik. Eine Vermittlungsfigur der Moderne bei Kant, Novalis und Goethe. Berlin und Boston: De Gruyter, 2023. 377 S.