Abstract
This paper examines the different ways that professional experts and everyday language users engage in scaling practices to claim authority when they talk about multilingual practices and the social significance they assign to them. Specifically, we compare sociolinguists’ use of the term translanguaging to describe multilingual and multimodal practices to the diverse observations of amateur online commentators, or citizen sociolinguists. Our analysis focuses on commentary on cross-linguistic communicative practices in Wales, or “things Welsh people say.” We ultimately argue that by calling practices “translanguaging” and defaulting to scaled-up interpretations of multilingual communication, sociolinguists are increasingly missing out on analyses of how the social meaning of (cross)linguistic practices accrues and evolves within specific communities over time. By contrast, the fine-grained perceptions of “citizen sociolinguists” as they discuss their own communicative practices in context may have something unique and underexamined to offer us as researchers of communicative diversity.
References
Baker, C. 2001. Foundations of bilingual education and bilingualism. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.Suche in Google Scholar
Baker, C. 2003. Biliteracy and transliteracy in Wales: Language planning and the Welsh national curriculum. In N. H. Hornberger (ed.), Continua of biliteracy: An ecological framework for educational policy, research, and practice in multilingual settings, 71–90. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.10.21832/9781853596568-007Suche in Google Scholar
Bauer, E. B., V. Presiado & S. Colomer. 2017. Writing through partnership: Fostering translanguaging in children who are emergent bilinguals. Journal of Literacy Research 49(1). 10–37.10.1177/1086296X16683417Suche in Google Scholar
Beres, A. M. 2015. An overview of translanguaging: 20 years of ‘giving voice to those who do not speak.’. Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts 1(1). 103–118.10.1075/ttmc.1.1.05berSuche in Google Scholar
Blackledge, A. & A. Creese. 2017. Translanguaging and the body. International Journal of Multilingualism 14(3). 250–268.10.1080/14790718.2017.1315809Suche in Google Scholar
Blommaert, J. 2007. Sociolinguistic scales. Intercultural Pragmatics 4(1). 1–19.10.1515/IP.2007.001Suche in Google Scholar
Creese, A. & A. Blackledge. 2010. Translanguaging in the bilingual classroom: A pedagogy for learning and teaching? The Modern Language Journal 94(1). 103–115.10.1111/j.1540-4781.2009.00986.xSuche in Google Scholar
Flores, N. & J. Rosa. 2015. Undoing appropriateness: Raciolinguistic ideologies and language diversity in education. Harvard Educational Review 85(2). 149–171.10.17763/0017-8055.85.2.149Suche in Google Scholar
García, O. 2009. Bilingual Education in the twenty-first Century: A global perspective. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.Suche in Google Scholar
García, O. 2014. Countering the dual: Transglossia, dynamic bilingualism and translanguaging in education. In R. Rubdy & L. Alsagoff (eds.), The global-local interface and hybridity: Exploring language and identity, 100–118. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.10.21832/9781783090860-007Suche in Google Scholar
García, O. & C. Leiva. 2014. Theorizing and enacting translanguaging for social justice. In A. Blackledge & A. Creese (eds.), Heteroglossia as practice and pedagogy, 199–216. Dordrecht: Springer Science and Business Media.10.1007/978-94-007-7856-6_11Suche in Google Scholar
García, O. & Li Wei. 2014. Translanguaging: Language, bilingualism and education. London: Palgrave Macmillan.10.1057/9781137385765Suche in Google Scholar
García-Mateus, S. & D. Palmer. 2017. Translanguaging pedagogies for positive identities in two-way dual language bilingual education. Journal of Language, Identity and Education 16(4). 245–255.10.1080/15348458.2017.1329016Suche in Google Scholar
Goffman, E. 1974. Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience. Boston: Northeastern University Press.Suche in Google Scholar
Gorter, D. & J. Cenoz. 2015. Translanguaging and linguistic landscapes. Linguistic Landscape 1(1–2). 54–74.10.1075/ll.1.1-2.04gorSuche in Google Scholar
Helm, F. & T. Dabre. 2018. Engineering a ‘contact zone’ through translanguaging. Language and Intercultural Communication 18(1). 144–156.10.1080/14708477.2017.1400509Suche in Google Scholar
Hornberger, N. H. & H. Link. 2012. Translanguaging and transnational literacies in multilingual classrooms: a biliteracy lens. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 15(3). 261–278.10.1080/13670050.2012.658016Suche in Google Scholar
Hua, Zhu, Li Wei & A. Lyons. 2017. Polish shop(ping) as translanguaging space. Social Semiotics 27(4). 411–433.10.1080/10350330.2017.1334390Suche in Google Scholar
Jaspers, J. 2018. The transformative limits of translanguaging. Language and Communication 58. 1–10.10.1016/j.langcom.2017.12.001Suche in Google Scholar
Jones, B. 2017. Translanguaging in bilingual schools in Wales. Journal of Language, Identity and Education 16(4). 199–215.10.1080/15348458.2017.1328282Suche in Google Scholar
Jørgensen, J. N. 2008. Polylingual Languaging around and among children and adolescents. International Journal of Multilingualism 5(3). 161–176.10.1080/14790710802387562Suche in Google Scholar
Joy Kathleen. 2014. Iwan Rheon interviewed in Welsh (Translated). Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KsdpFykOd5I (accessed 23 October 2019).Suche in Google Scholar
Katiemayoxx. 2014. Things Welsh people say | Common Welsh sayings. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XcHMD0_DVe0 (accessed 23 October 2019).Suche in Google Scholar
Lewis, G., B. Jones & C. Baker. 2012. Translanguaging: Origins and development from school to street and beyond. Educational Research and Evaluation 18(7). 641–654.10.1080/13803611.2012.718488Suche in Google Scholar
Lle, Y. 2013. Cyfweliad Iwan Rheon. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TdDYMBG1g3k (accessed 23 October 2019).Suche in Google Scholar
Otheguy, R., O. García & W. Reid. 2015. Clarifying translanguaging and deconstructing named languages: A perspective from linguistics. Applied Linguistics Review 6(3). 281–307.10.1515/applirev-2015-0014Suche in Google Scholar
Pennycook, A. 2017. Translanguaging and semiotic assemblages. International Journal of Multilingualism 14(3). 269–282.10.1080/14790718.2017.1315810Suche in Google Scholar
Pennycook, A. & E. Otsuji. 2015. Metrolingualism: Language in the city. London: Routledge.10.4324/9781315724225Suche in Google Scholar
Rosiers, K., I. van Lancker & S. Delarue. 2018. Beyond the traditional scope of translanguaging. Language and Communication 61. 15–28.10.1016/j.langcom.2017.11.003Suche in Google Scholar
Rymes, B. & A. R. Leone. 2014. Citizen sociolinguistics: A new media methodology for understanding language and social life. Working Papers in Educational Linguistics (WPEL) 29(2). 25–43.Suche in Google Scholar
Singh, J. N. 2016. The journey is its own reward: Downscaling culture in intercultural communication research. In J. N. Singh, A. Kantara & D. Cserző (eds.), Downscaling culture: Revisiting intercultural communication, 11–34. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholar.Suche in Google Scholar
Tsuchiya, K. 2017. Co-constructing a translanguaging space: Analysing a Japanese/ELF group discussion in a CLIL classroom at university. Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts 3(2). 229–253.10.1075/ttmc.3.2.05tsuSuche in Google Scholar
Wee, L. 2011. Metadiscursive convergence in the Singlish debate. Language and Communication 31(1). 75–85.10.1016/j.langcom.2010.04.001Suche in Google Scholar
Wei, Li. 2011. Moment analysis and translanguaging space: Discursive construction of identities by multilingual Chinese youth in Britain. Journal of Pragmatics 43(5). 1222–1235.10.1016/j.pragma.2010.07.035Suche in Google Scholar
Wei, Li. 2018. Translanguaging as a practical theory of language. Applied Linguistics 39(1). 9–30.10.1093/applin/amx039Suche in Google Scholar
Williams, C. 2002a. Ennill iaith: Astudiaethau o sefyllfa drochi yn 11–16 oed/A language gained: A study of language immersion at 11–16 years of age. Bangor: University of Wales.Suche in Google Scholar
Williams, C. 2002b. Extending bilingualism in the education system (No. ELL 06–02). Wales: National Assembly for Wales: Education and Lifelong Learning Committee.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Scaling practices in language encounters
- Sociolinguistic scales in retrospect
- Interactional regimes of sociolinguistic behaviour: An ethnographic exploration of the scales at play across the spaces of an asylum-seeking centre
- Nursing handovers as unbounded and scalar events
- Citizen sociolinguists scaling back
- Overstandin: Upscaling reading positions and rescaling texts/signs
- Time, the deer, is in the wood: Chronotopic identities, trajectories of texts and community self-management
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Scaling practices in language encounters
- Sociolinguistic scales in retrospect
- Interactional regimes of sociolinguistic behaviour: An ethnographic exploration of the scales at play across the spaces of an asylum-seeking centre
- Nursing handovers as unbounded and scalar events
- Citizen sociolinguists scaling back
- Overstandin: Upscaling reading positions and rescaling texts/signs
- Time, the deer, is in the wood: Chronotopic identities, trajectories of texts and community self-management