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Intestinal coccidian parasites as an underestimated cause of travellers’ diarrhoea in Polish immunocompetent patients

  • Matylda Kłudkowska EMAIL logo , Łukasz Pielok , Krystyna Frąckowiak and Małgorzata Paul
Published/Copyright: July 5, 2017
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Acta Parasitologica
From the journal Acta Parasitologica Volume 62 Issue 3

Abstract

Intestinal coccidian parasites are intracellular protozoa most frequently transmitted during food-borne and water-borne infections. This group of parasites is responsible for acute diarrhoeal illnesses especially among immunocompromised patients. However, they are more frequently detected in immunocompetent individuals including travellers, and they should also be considered as important etiologic factors of travellers’ diarrhoea. We examined 221 immunocompetent patients hospitalized due to acute or chronic diarrhoea and other gastrointestinal symptoms after returning from international journeys to hot climates. A basic microscopical examination and acid – fast staining of stool samples was performed. Each patient was also a part of the epidemiological investigation to define potential risk factors of tropical gastrointestinal infections. Intestinal coccidiosis was confirmed in 12 out of 221 successively hospitalized patients (5.4%). The most common coccidian parasite was Cryptosporidium spp., detected in nine Polish travellers (4.1%). Cyclospora spp. was diagnosed in three cases (1.4%), including two mixed infections with Cryptosporidium spp., and Cystoisospora spp. in two other cases (0.9%). The study has revealed that intestinal coccidian parasites are a significant threat to immunocompetent travellers and should be always considered in the differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal disorders. Therefore, it is necessary to perform specialized diagnostic methods for the detection of Cryptosporidium spp., Cystoisospora spp., and Cyclospora spp. oocysts in reference parasitology laboratories. Clinical observations demonstrated simultaneously an insufficient level of knowledge in Polish tourists concerning the main risk factors of intestinal parasitic diseases during international travels, particularly to developing countries with lower economic and sanitary conditions.

Keywords: Cryptosporidiosis; cyclosporiasis; cystoisosporiasis; intestinal coccidiosis; travellers’ diarrhoea

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Received: 2017-2-9
Revised: 2017-4-26
Accepted: 2017-5-9
Published Online: 2017-7-5
Published in Print: 2017-9-26

© 2017 W. Stefański Institute of Parasitology, PAS

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Review
  2. Snail species diversity impacts the infection patterns of Echinostoma spp.: Examples from field collected data
  4. Molecular phylogeny of the Haplosplanchnata Olson, Cribb, Tkach, Bray and Littlewood, 2003, with a description of Schikhobalotrema huffmani n. sp.
  6. Structuraland antigenic analysis of a new Rhoptry Pseudokinase Gene (ROP54) in Toxoplasma gondii
  8. Ultrastructure of the spermatozoon of Macvicaria obovata (Digenea: Opecoelidae), a parasite of Sparus aurata(Pisces: Teleostei) from the Gulf of Gabès, Mediterranean Sea
  10. Epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in native Tibetans in Tibet, China
  12. A PCR survey of vector-borne pathogens in different dog populations from Turkey
  14. Diplectanids (Monogenea) parasitic on sciaenid fish from Peru with the proposal of Pseudorhamnocercoides n. gen., the description of Rhamnocercus dominguesi n. sp. and the redescription of Rhamnocercoides menticirrhi Luque and Iannacone, 1991
  16. Differentiation of Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati based on PCR-RFLP analyses of rDNA-ITS and mitochondrial cox1 and nad1 regions
  18. The Prevalence of Cyclospora cayetanensis and Cryptosporidium spp. in Turkish patients infected with HIV-1
  20. Molecular characterization and functional analysis of a glutathione peroxidase gene from Aphelenchoides besseyi (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae)
  22. Durettenema guangdongense gen. et sp. nov. (Nematoda: Molineoidea) from Hipposideros larvatus (Horsfield) (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) with discussion of the taxonomic status of Macielia rhinolophi Yin, 1980
  24. In vitro effects of purine and pyrimidine analogues on Leishmania donovani and Leishmania infantum promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes
  26. Population structure of the monogenean, Paramazocraes thrissocles (Mazocraeidae) on the gills of clupeoid fish, Thryssa mystax of Visakhapatnam coast, Bay of Bengal
  28. Redescription of Eutarsopolipus elongatus Regenfuss, 1968 (Acari: Podapolipidae) parasitising carabid beetles, with first description of the male
  30. Seroprevalence and risk factors of Neospora spp. and Toxoplasma gondii infections among horses and donkeys in Nigeria, West Africa
  32. Spinicauda sumatrana sp. nov. (Nematoda: Heterakidae) from Ludeking’s Crested Dragon, Lophocalotes ludekingi (Agamidae), from the Bukit Barisan Range of Sumatra
  34. The systematic position and structure of the genus Leyogonimus Ginetsinskaya, 1948 (Platyhelminthes: Digenea) with comments on the taxonomy of the superfamily Microphalloidea Ward, 1901
  36. Leishmania infantum is present in vaginal secretions of naturally infected bitches at lower levels in oestrogenized bitches than in non-oestrogenized bitches
  38. Intestinal coccidian parasites as an underestimated cause of travellers’ diarrhoea in Polish immunocompetent patients
  40. Hymenolepididae (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea) of ciconiiform and pelecaniform birds: the genera Oschmarinolepis Spassky and Spasskaja, 1954 and Paraoschmarinolepis gen. n.
  42. Redescription of two species of Thaparocleidus (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae), with the description of T. armillatus sp. n. from Wallago attu and a phylogenetic analysis based on 18S rDNA sequences
  44. In vitro and in vivo studies of nematophagous fungi Arthrobotrys musiformis and Arthrobotrys robusta against the larvae of the trichostrongylides
  46. Three monogeneans parasitic on marine sciaenid fish from Peru including description of Cynoscionicola veranoi n. sp. (Microcotylidae), and redescription of C. americanus Tantaleán, Martínez and Escalante, 1987 and Hargicotyle sciaenae Oliva and Luque, 1989 (Diclidophoridae)
  48. New and previously described dactylogyrid species (Monogenoidea: Polyonchoinea) and a gastrocotylinean pre-adult (Heteronchoinea) from pomacentrid and caesionid (Perciformes) fishes from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia
  50. Erratum to: 2017, 62(1) should be 2017, 62(2)
https://doi.org/10.1515/ap-2017-0077
Keywords for this article
Cryptosporidiosis; cyclosporiasis; cystoisosporiasis; intestinal coccidiosis; travellers’ diarrhoea

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Review
  2. Snail species diversity impacts the infection patterns of Echinostoma spp.: Examples from field collected data
  4. Molecular phylogeny of the Haplosplanchnata Olson, Cribb, Tkach, Bray and Littlewood, 2003, with a description of Schikhobalotrema huffmani n. sp.
  6. Structuraland antigenic analysis of a new Rhoptry Pseudokinase Gene (ROP54) in Toxoplasma gondii
  8. Ultrastructure of the spermatozoon of Macvicaria obovata (Digenea: Opecoelidae), a parasite of Sparus aurata(Pisces: Teleostei) from the Gulf of Gabès, Mediterranean Sea
  10. Epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in native Tibetans in Tibet, China
  12. A PCR survey of vector-borne pathogens in different dog populations from Turkey
  14. Diplectanids (Monogenea) parasitic on sciaenid fish from Peru with the proposal of Pseudorhamnocercoides n. gen., the description of Rhamnocercus dominguesi n. sp. and the redescription of Rhamnocercoides menticirrhi Luque and Iannacone, 1991
  16. Differentiation of Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati based on PCR-RFLP analyses of rDNA-ITS and mitochondrial cox1 and nad1 regions
  18. The Prevalence of Cyclospora cayetanensis and Cryptosporidium spp. in Turkish patients infected with HIV-1
  20. Molecular characterization and functional analysis of a glutathione peroxidase gene from Aphelenchoides besseyi (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae)
  22. Durettenema guangdongense gen. et sp. nov. (Nematoda: Molineoidea) from Hipposideros larvatus (Horsfield) (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) with discussion of the taxonomic status of Macielia rhinolophi Yin, 1980
  24. In vitro effects of purine and pyrimidine analogues on Leishmania donovani and Leishmania infantum promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes
  26. Population structure of the monogenean, Paramazocraes thrissocles (Mazocraeidae) on the gills of clupeoid fish, Thryssa mystax of Visakhapatnam coast, Bay of Bengal
  28. Redescription of Eutarsopolipus elongatus Regenfuss, 1968 (Acari: Podapolipidae) parasitising carabid beetles, with first description of the male
  30. Seroprevalence and risk factors of Neospora spp. and Toxoplasma gondii infections among horses and donkeys in Nigeria, West Africa
  32. Spinicauda sumatrana sp. nov. (Nematoda: Heterakidae) from Ludeking’s Crested Dragon, Lophocalotes ludekingi (Agamidae), from the Bukit Barisan Range of Sumatra
  34. The systematic position and structure of the genus Leyogonimus Ginetsinskaya, 1948 (Platyhelminthes: Digenea) with comments on the taxonomy of the superfamily Microphalloidea Ward, 1901
  36. Leishmania infantum is present in vaginal secretions of naturally infected bitches at lower levels in oestrogenized bitches than in non-oestrogenized bitches
  38. Intestinal coccidian parasites as an underestimated cause of travellers’ diarrhoea in Polish immunocompetent patients
  40. Hymenolepididae (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea) of ciconiiform and pelecaniform birds: the genera Oschmarinolepis Spassky and Spasskaja, 1954 and Paraoschmarinolepis gen. n.
  42. Redescription of two species of Thaparocleidus (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae), with the description of T. armillatus sp. n. from Wallago attu and a phylogenetic analysis based on 18S rDNA sequences
  44. In vitro and in vivo studies of nematophagous fungi Arthrobotrys musiformis and Arthrobotrys robusta against the larvae of the trichostrongylides
  46. Three monogeneans parasitic on marine sciaenid fish from Peru including description of Cynoscionicola veranoi n. sp. (Microcotylidae), and redescription of C. americanus Tantaleán, Martínez and Escalante, 1987 and Hargicotyle sciaenae Oliva and Luque, 1989 (Diclidophoridae)
  48. New and previously described dactylogyrid species (Monogenoidea: Polyonchoinea) and a gastrocotylinean pre-adult (Heteronchoinea) from pomacentrid and caesionid (Perciformes) fishes from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia
  50. Erratum to: 2017, 62(1) should be 2017, 62(2)
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