Changes in the cell wall volume of a number of wood species due to reaction with acetic anhydride
-
Jin H. Kwon
Abstract
A number of softwoods and hardwoods (beech, rubberwood, Corsican pine, Korean pine) were reacted with acetic anhydride to a variety of weight percentage gain (WPG) values and the volume change due to reaction was determined both by measurement of the external dimensions and by helium pycnometry. The volume change due to modification determined by helium pycnometry was found to be equal to that calculated, except for Corsican pine. The volume change as determined by the external dimensions was not a reliable method for determining cell-wall volume changes. The molar volume of the acetyl group in the cell wall was calculated over a range of WPG values, with volumes ranging from approximately 32 to 42 cm3 mol-1, depending on the wood species studied. The differences in acetyl molar volume observed between most wood species were significant.
References
Hill, C.A.S. Wood Modification – Chemical, Thermal and other Processes. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK, 2006.10.1002/0470021748Search in Google Scholar
Hill, C.A.S., Jones, D. (1996) The dimensional stabilisation of Corsican pine sapwood by reaction with carboxylic acid anhydrides. The effect of chain length. Holzforschung50:457–462.Search in Google Scholar
Hill, C.A.S., Jones, D. (1999) Dimensional changes in Corsican pine sapwood due to chemical modification with linear chain anhydrides. Holzforschung53:267–271.10.1515/HF.1999.045Search in Google Scholar
Hill, C.A.S., Ormondroyd, G. (2004) Dimensional changes in Corsican pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) modified with acetic anhydride measured using a helium pycnometer. Holzforschung58:544–547.10.1515/HF.2004.082Search in Google Scholar
Nakano, T. (1988) Viscoelasticity of esterified wood specimens (5). The effect of molar volume of introduced acyl groups. Mokuzai Gakkaishi34:516–521.Search in Google Scholar
Ohmae, K., Minato, K., Norimoto, M. (2002) The analysis of dimensional changes due to chemical treatments and water soaking for hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) wood. Holzforschung56:98–102.10.1515/HF.2002.016Search in Google Scholar
Papadopoulos, A.N., Hill, C.A.S., Gkaraveli, A. (2004) Analysis of the swelling behaviour of chemically modified softwood: a novel approach. Holz Roh Werkst.62:107–112.10.1007/s00107-003-0448-8Search in Google Scholar
Rowell, R.M. (2005) Chemical modification of wood. In: Handbook of Wood Chemistry and Wood Composites. Ed. Rowell, R.M. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. pp. 381–420.10.1201/9780203492437-17Search in Google Scholar
Rowell, R.M., Ellis, W.D. (1978) Determination of the dimensional stabilisation or wood using the water soak method. Wood Fiber Sci.10:11–18.Search in Google Scholar
Stamm, A.J., Tarkow, H. (1947) Dimensional stabilisation of wood. J. Phys. Colloid. Chem.51:493–505.10.1021/j150452a016Search in Google Scholar PubMed
©2007 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
Articles in the same Issue
- Characterization of thin water layers in pulp by tritium exchange. Part 1: Methods development
- Characterization of thin water layers in pulp by tritium exchange. Part 2: Effect of refining on water absorption
- Characterizing wood fiber and particle length with a mixture distribution and a segmented distribution
- Effect of photolysis on 17th/18th century paper
- Changes in the cell wall volume of a number of wood species due to reaction with acetic anhydride
- A novel simple route to wood acetylation by transesterification with vinyl acetate
- Formation and properties of nanocomposites made up from solid aspen wood, melamine-urea-formaldehyde, and clay
- Ellagitannins from Portuguese oak wood (Quercus pyrenaica Willd.) used in cooperage: influence of geographical origin, coarseness of the grain and toasting level
- Epimeric phenylpropanoid glycosides from inner bark of Paulownia coreana Uyeki
- Lipid and lignin composition of woods from different eucalypt species
- A hysteresis model suitable for numerical simulation of moisture content in wood
- Simple estimation of critical stress intensity factors of wood by tests with double cantilever beam and three-point end-notched flexure
- Screening fungi tolerant to Western red cedar (Thuja plicata Donn) extractives. Part 1. Mild extraction by ultrasonication and quantification of extractives by reverse-phase HPLC
- Screening fungi tolerant to Western red cedar (Thuja plicata Donn) extractives. Part 2. Development of a feeder strip assay
- Contribution of hardness to the natural resistance of a range of wood species to attack by the marine borer Limnoria
- Biodeterioration of treated Pinus radiata timber by Australian decay fungi and the termite Coptotermes acinaciformis in laboratory bioassays and field conditions
- Development of an accelerated soil-contact decay test
- Obituary Dr. Bo Hortling (1942–2006)
Articles in the same Issue
- Characterization of thin water layers in pulp by tritium exchange. Part 1: Methods development
- Characterization of thin water layers in pulp by tritium exchange. Part 2: Effect of refining on water absorption
- Characterizing wood fiber and particle length with a mixture distribution and a segmented distribution
- Effect of photolysis on 17th/18th century paper
- Changes in the cell wall volume of a number of wood species due to reaction with acetic anhydride
- A novel simple route to wood acetylation by transesterification with vinyl acetate
- Formation and properties of nanocomposites made up from solid aspen wood, melamine-urea-formaldehyde, and clay
- Ellagitannins from Portuguese oak wood (Quercus pyrenaica Willd.) used in cooperage: influence of geographical origin, coarseness of the grain and toasting level
- Epimeric phenylpropanoid glycosides from inner bark of Paulownia coreana Uyeki
- Lipid and lignin composition of woods from different eucalypt species
- A hysteresis model suitable for numerical simulation of moisture content in wood
- Simple estimation of critical stress intensity factors of wood by tests with double cantilever beam and three-point end-notched flexure
- Screening fungi tolerant to Western red cedar (Thuja plicata Donn) extractives. Part 1. Mild extraction by ultrasonication and quantification of extractives by reverse-phase HPLC
- Screening fungi tolerant to Western red cedar (Thuja plicata Donn) extractives. Part 2. Development of a feeder strip assay
- Contribution of hardness to the natural resistance of a range of wood species to attack by the marine borer Limnoria
- Biodeterioration of treated Pinus radiata timber by Australian decay fungi and the termite Coptotermes acinaciformis in laboratory bioassays and field conditions
- Development of an accelerated soil-contact decay test
- Obituary Dr. Bo Hortling (1942–2006)
