Spatial relationships between polymers in Sitka spruce: Proton spin-diffusion studies
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Clemens Altaner
Abstract
The spatial arrangement of polymers in Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) was investigated by NMR proton spin-diffusion studies, supplemented by deuterium-exchange experiments monitored by FTIR spectroscopy. The FTIR spectra of earlywood sections after vapour-phase exchange with deuterium oxide showed that 43% of the hydroxyl groups were accessible to deuteration. This value is lower than predicted in the absence of aggregation of cellulose microfibrils into larger units, but greater than the predicted level of deuteration if 3.5-nm microfibrils surrounded by hemicellulose sheaths were aggregated into 4×4 arrays without space for deuterium oxide to penetrate between the microfibrils. The rate of proton spin diffusion between lignin and cellulose was consistent with the presence of microfibril arrays with approximately these dimensions and with lignin located outside them, in both earlywood and latewood. Proton spin-diffusion data for hemicelluloses were complicated by difficulties in assigning signals to glucomannans and xylans, but there was evidence for the spatial association of one group of hemicelluloses, including acetylated glucomannans, with cellulose surfaces, while another group of hemicelluloses was in spatial proximity to lignin. These data are consistent with a number of nanoscale models for the Sitka spruce cell wall, including a model in which glucomannans are associated with microfibril surfaces within the aggregate and water can penetrate partially between these surfaces, and one in which all non-cellulosic polymers and water are excluded from the interior of each microfibril aggregate.
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©2006 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
Articles in the same Issue
- Contents
- Subject Index
- Species index (scientific names)
- Acknowledgement
- Author index
- Topochemical investigation on phenolic deposits in the vessels of afzelia (Afzelia spp.) and merbau (Intsia spp.) heartwood
- Topochemical investigations of wood extractives and their influence on colour changes in American black cherry (Prunus serotina Borkh.)
- Wound effects in the xylem of poplar: A UV microspectrophotometric study
- Application of scanning UV microspectrophotometry for the topochemical detection of lignin within individual cell walls of brown-rotted Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood
- Influence of overexpression of a gibberellin 20-oxidase gene on the kinetics of xylem cell development in hybrid poplar (Populus tremula L. and P. tremuloides Michx.)
- Morphological and chemical characterisation of the G-layer in tension wood fibres of Populus tremula and Betula verrucosa: Labelling with cellulose-binding module CBM1HjCel7A and fluorescence and FE-SEM microscopy
- Decay resistance of anhydride-modified Corsican pine sapwood exposed to the brown rot fungus Coniophora puteana
- Iron-reducing capacity of low-molecular-weight compounds produced in wood by fungi
- Analysis of the hyphal load during early stages of wood decay by basidiomycetes in the presence of the wood preservative fungicides CuSO4 and cyproconazole
- Prediction of natural durability of commercial available European and Siberian larch by near-infrared spectroscopy
- Retention of Bacillus cereus and its toxin, cereulide, in cellulosic fibres
- Chemical structure elucidation of total lignins in woods. Part II: Analysis of a fraction of residual wood left after MWL isolation and solubilized in lithium chloride/N,N-dimethylacetamide
- Amphiphilicity of a lignin-carbohydrate complex
- Spatial relationships between polymers in Sitka spruce: Proton spin-diffusion studies
- Phenolic compounds from bark of Suwon poplar (Populus alba L. and Populus glandulosa Uyeki)
- Extraction of iron compounds from wood from the Vasa
- High-consistency ozonation of hardwood kraft pulp
- Fibre surface and strength of a fibre network
- A numerical study of the effects of stresses induced by moisture gradients in steel-timber dowel joints
- Pilot investigation of the mechanical properties of wood flooring paint films by in situ imaging nanoindentation
- Obituary Walter G. Kauman (1923–2005)
Articles in the same Issue
- Contents
- Subject Index
- Species index (scientific names)
- Acknowledgement
- Author index
- Topochemical investigation on phenolic deposits in the vessels of afzelia (Afzelia spp.) and merbau (Intsia spp.) heartwood
- Topochemical investigations of wood extractives and their influence on colour changes in American black cherry (Prunus serotina Borkh.)
- Wound effects in the xylem of poplar: A UV microspectrophotometric study
- Application of scanning UV microspectrophotometry for the topochemical detection of lignin within individual cell walls of brown-rotted Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood
- Influence of overexpression of a gibberellin 20-oxidase gene on the kinetics of xylem cell development in hybrid poplar (Populus tremula L. and P. tremuloides Michx.)
- Morphological and chemical characterisation of the G-layer in tension wood fibres of Populus tremula and Betula verrucosa: Labelling with cellulose-binding module CBM1HjCel7A and fluorescence and FE-SEM microscopy
- Decay resistance of anhydride-modified Corsican pine sapwood exposed to the brown rot fungus Coniophora puteana
- Iron-reducing capacity of low-molecular-weight compounds produced in wood by fungi
- Analysis of the hyphal load during early stages of wood decay by basidiomycetes in the presence of the wood preservative fungicides CuSO4 and cyproconazole
- Prediction of natural durability of commercial available European and Siberian larch by near-infrared spectroscopy
- Retention of Bacillus cereus and its toxin, cereulide, in cellulosic fibres
- Chemical structure elucidation of total lignins in woods. Part II: Analysis of a fraction of residual wood left after MWL isolation and solubilized in lithium chloride/N,N-dimethylacetamide
- Amphiphilicity of a lignin-carbohydrate complex
- Spatial relationships between polymers in Sitka spruce: Proton spin-diffusion studies
- Phenolic compounds from bark of Suwon poplar (Populus alba L. and Populus glandulosa Uyeki)
- Extraction of iron compounds from wood from the Vasa
- High-consistency ozonation of hardwood kraft pulp
- Fibre surface and strength of a fibre network
- A numerical study of the effects of stresses induced by moisture gradients in steel-timber dowel joints
- Pilot investigation of the mechanical properties of wood flooring paint films by in situ imaging nanoindentation
- Obituary Walter G. Kauman (1923–2005)
