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Characterization of sugar maple wood-polymer composites: Monomer retention and polymer retention

  • Yaolin Zhang , Hui Wan and Shu Yin Zhang
Published/Copyright: July 5, 2005
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Holzforschung
From the journal Volume 59 Issue 3

Abstract

In this study, sugar maple samples were impregnated with three impregnants by a vacuum and pressure process and in situ polymerized by a catalyst-thermal procedure. The effects of polymeric monomers and their combinations on monomer retention by volume (MRV) and weight (MRW) and polymer retention (PR) were analyzed and the wood was examined by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The three methacrylates chosen as impregnants were methyl methacrylate (MMA), hydroxyethylene methacrylate (HEMA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA). The formulation combinations were determined by a mixture design. MRV was similar, regardless of formulation combinations, which indicated that these methacrylates show similar permeability into sugar maple. However, MRW was different between formulation combinations due to differences in monomer density. MRV was inversely related to wood density. PR was related to the combination of impregnants and inversely related to wood density. The impregnants resided in the vessel and the lumen. The morphology of polymers in the wood was different for different treatments due to the distinct molecular structures formed from each polymer.

Keywords: ethylene glycol dimethacrylate; hydroxyethylene methacrylate; in situ polymerization; methyl methacrylate; monomer retention; polymer retention; sugar maple; wood impregnation
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Published Online: 2005-07-05
Published in Print: 2005-05-01

© by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York

Articles in the same Issue

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  2. Oxidative cellulose degradation by cellobiose dehydrogenase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium: A model compound study
  3. Characterization of active oxygen species under oxygen-alkali bleaching conditions
  4. Erythro/threo ratio of β-O-4-5 structures as an important structural characteristic of lignin. Part 4: Variation in the erythro/threo ratio in softwood and hardwood lignins and its relation to syringyl/guaiacyl ratio
  5. Stereoisomers of 3,3′-dimethoxy-4,4′-stilbenequinone
  6. Liquefaction of CCA-treated wood and elimination of metals from the solvent by precipitation
  7. Condensed tannins from steamed Acacia mearnsii bark
  8. Chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oil isolated from Chamaecyparis formosensis Matsum. wood
  9. Direct measurement of strain distribution along a wood bond line. Part 1: Shear strain concentration in a lap joint specimen by means of electronic speckle pattern interferometry
  10. Direct measurement of strain distribution along a wood bond line. Part 2: Effects of adhesive penetration on strain distribution
  11. Rate-independent mechanical behavior of biaxially stressed wood: Experimental observations and constitutive modeling as an orthotropic two-surface elasto-plastic material
  12. Characterization of sugar maple wood-polymer composites: Monomer retention and polymer retention
  13. New insights into wood and cement interaction
  14. Wood-water sorption isotherm prediction with artificial neural networks: A preliminary study
  15. Hygroscopicity of resorcinol-formaldehyde resin and aqueous vinyl polymer-isocyanate resin in high humidity
  16. Modelling anisotropic maturation strains in wood in relation to fibre boundary conditions, microstructure and maturation kinetics
  17. Properties of chemically and mechanically isolated fibres of spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.). Part 3: Mechanical characterisation
  18. Resistance of thermo-hygro-mechanically densified wood to colonisation and degradation by brown-rot fungi
  19. Microbial colonizers of freshly sawn yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) lumber in two seasons. Part 3: Yeasts
  20. Efficacy of a copper(II)/oxine copper wood preservative mixture after 69 months of outdoor ground-contact exposure and a proposed mechanism to explain the observed synergism
  21. Differentiation of indoor wood decay fungi with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
  22. Horst H. Nimz celebrates his 75th birthday on April, 21st, 2005
  23. Erratum
https://doi.org/10.1515/HF.2005.053
Keywords for this article
ethylene glycol dimethacrylate; hydroxyethylene methacrylate; in situ polymerization; methyl methacrylate; monomer retention; polymer retention; sugar maple; wood impregnation

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Molecular dynamics study of lignin constituents in water
  2. Oxidative cellulose degradation by cellobiose dehydrogenase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium: A model compound study
  3. Characterization of active oxygen species under oxygen-alkali bleaching conditions
  4. Erythro/threo ratio of β-O-4-5 structures as an important structural characteristic of lignin. Part 4: Variation in the erythro/threo ratio in softwood and hardwood lignins and its relation to syringyl/guaiacyl ratio
  5. Stereoisomers of 3,3′-dimethoxy-4,4′-stilbenequinone
  6. Liquefaction of CCA-treated wood and elimination of metals from the solvent by precipitation
  7. Condensed tannins from steamed Acacia mearnsii bark
  8. Chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oil isolated from Chamaecyparis formosensis Matsum. wood
  9. Direct measurement of strain distribution along a wood bond line. Part 1: Shear strain concentration in a lap joint specimen by means of electronic speckle pattern interferometry
  10. Direct measurement of strain distribution along a wood bond line. Part 2: Effects of adhesive penetration on strain distribution
  11. Rate-independent mechanical behavior of biaxially stressed wood: Experimental observations and constitutive modeling as an orthotropic two-surface elasto-plastic material
  12. Characterization of sugar maple wood-polymer composites: Monomer retention and polymer retention
  13. New insights into wood and cement interaction
  14. Wood-water sorption isotherm prediction with artificial neural networks: A preliminary study
  15. Hygroscopicity of resorcinol-formaldehyde resin and aqueous vinyl polymer-isocyanate resin in high humidity
  16. Modelling anisotropic maturation strains in wood in relation to fibre boundary conditions, microstructure and maturation kinetics
  17. Properties of chemically and mechanically isolated fibres of spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.). Part 3: Mechanical characterisation
  18. Resistance of thermo-hygro-mechanically densified wood to colonisation and degradation by brown-rot fungi
  19. Microbial colonizers of freshly sawn yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) lumber in two seasons. Part 3: Yeasts
  20. Efficacy of a copper(II)/oxine copper wood preservative mixture after 69 months of outdoor ground-contact exposure and a proposed mechanism to explain the observed synergism
  21. Differentiation of indoor wood decay fungi with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
  22. Horst H. Nimz celebrates his 75th birthday on April, 21st, 2005
  23. Erratum
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