Ozonation of pine kraft lignin in alkaline solution. Part 2: Surface active properties of the ozonated kraft lignins
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Rui Wang
Abstract
The surface tension and interfacial tension of the F-1000, F-1800, F-5000 and F-15000 fractions obtained by ultrafiltration of the Oz-25-KL, Oz-30-KL and Oz-40-KL preparations (ozonated kraft lignin, KL, preparations with ozone consumption of 25, 30 and 40% per KL) were determined with the concentration range of 1–30 g l-1 at pH of 6, 9 and 11. The surface tension of these ozonated KL preparations decreased with increasing concentration and pH according to the simplified Gibbs adsorption equation for dilute aqueous solution, ∂γ= -RTΓ∂(ln C). The results were discussed in term of functional group contents and weight average molecular mass (Mw) of the ozonated KL preparations. The surface tension of the ozonated KL preparations decreased with increasing carboxylic acid content and, to some extent, phenolic hydroxyl content, but increased with increasing Mw. The synergistic effect of the ozonated KL preparations with a commercial surfactant was then investigated. The oil-water interfacial tension was determined in the ozonated KL preparations in an aqueous solution containing 1.5% Petrostep B-120R and 1.5% sodium chloride with hexane as oil phase by spinning drop technique. The interfacial tension of the system also decreased with increasing the concentration of ozonated KL preparations in the range of 1–16 g l-1 according to the simplified Gibbs adsorption equation. Thus, the addition of a small amount of ozonated KL preparations to the aqueous solution containing 1.5% Petrostep B-120R and 1.5% sodium chloride showed a remarkable synergistic effect on reducing the interfacial tension.
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© Walter de Gruyter
Articles in the same Issue
- Subject Index
- Contents
- Species Index
- Author Index
- Monoethanolamine (MEA) pulping of beech and spruce wood for production of dissolving pulp
- Voltammetric analysis of the bleachability of softwood kraft pulps
- Alkaline degradation of model compounds related to beech xylan
- Effect of UV radiation on the carbonyl distribution in different pulps
- Changes in the lignin-carbohydrate complex in softwood kraft pulp during kraft and oxygen delignification
- Carbohydrate structures in residual lignin-carbohydrate complexes of spruce and pine pulp
- Ozonation of pine kraft lignin in alkaline solution. Part 1: Ozonation, characterization of kraft lignin and its ozonated preparations
- Ozonation of pine kraft lignin in alkaline solution. Part 2: Surface active properties of the ozonated kraft lignins
- Lignin reactions in oxygen delignification catalysed by Mn(II)-substituted molybdovanadophosphate polyanion
- Bioactive phenolic substances in industrially important tree species. Part 2: Knots and stemwood of fir species
- Evaluation of hydrocarbon emissions from heart- and sapwood of Scots pine using a laboratory-scale wood drier
- Effect of pulsating tension-torsion combined loading on fatigue behavior in wood
- Effects of density and microfibril orientation on the vertical variation of low-stiffness wood in radiata pine butt logs
- Determination of the natural durability of larch wood (Larix decidua Mill.) from the Western Italian Alps
- High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of soluble and total oxalate in Ca- and Mg-amended liquid cultures of three wood decay fungi
- Artificial weathering of tropical woods. Part 1: Changes in wettability and Artificial weathering of tropical woods. Part II: Color change
Articles in the same Issue
- Subject Index
- Contents
- Species Index
- Author Index
- Monoethanolamine (MEA) pulping of beech and spruce wood for production of dissolving pulp
- Voltammetric analysis of the bleachability of softwood kraft pulps
- Alkaline degradation of model compounds related to beech xylan
- Effect of UV radiation on the carbonyl distribution in different pulps
- Changes in the lignin-carbohydrate complex in softwood kraft pulp during kraft and oxygen delignification
- Carbohydrate structures in residual lignin-carbohydrate complexes of spruce and pine pulp
- Ozonation of pine kraft lignin in alkaline solution. Part 1: Ozonation, characterization of kraft lignin and its ozonated preparations
- Ozonation of pine kraft lignin in alkaline solution. Part 2: Surface active properties of the ozonated kraft lignins
- Lignin reactions in oxygen delignification catalysed by Mn(II)-substituted molybdovanadophosphate polyanion
- Bioactive phenolic substances in industrially important tree species. Part 2: Knots and stemwood of fir species
- Evaluation of hydrocarbon emissions from heart- and sapwood of Scots pine using a laboratory-scale wood drier
- Effect of pulsating tension-torsion combined loading on fatigue behavior in wood
- Effects of density and microfibril orientation on the vertical variation of low-stiffness wood in radiata pine butt logs
- Determination of the natural durability of larch wood (Larix decidua Mill.) from the Western Italian Alps
- High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of soluble and total oxalate in Ca- and Mg-amended liquid cultures of three wood decay fungi
- Artificial weathering of tropical woods. Part 1: Changes in wettability and Artificial weathering of tropical woods. Part II: Color change
