Softwood Bark Pyrolysis Oil-PF Resols. Part 1. Resin Synthesis and OSB Mechanical Properties
-
Carlos Amen-Chen
Summary
Bark residues generated by the pulp and paper and wood industries represent a threat to the environment due to leaching of chemicals such as phenolics and resin acids which are being currently regulated by governments. Vacuum pyrolysis of resinous bark produces phenolic-rich oils which represent a potential raw material to replace petroleum-based phenol presently used in the formulation of wood adhesive resols.
Resols with different levels of phenol replacement by phenolic pyrolysis oils, formaldehyde to phenolics molar ratios and sodium hydroxide to phenolics molar ratios were synthesized. Strandboards werepreparedandtheirmechanicalandphysicalpropertiessuchasmodulusofrupture(MOR),modulus of elasticity (MOE), dry and 2-hour boil internal bond (IB) and thickness swelling (TS) were evaluated.
Homogeneous panels bonded with resins having 25 and 50% by wt of pyrolysis oils replacing phenol exhibited comparable mechanical properties to those of panels made with a commercial surface resin under the same pressing conditions. Three-layer panels made with resins having 50 % by wt phenol replacement in the surface and 25% by wt phenol replacement in the core had mechanical properties above the requirements specified by the Canadian Standards CSAO437.0-93 for OSB products.
Copyright © 2002 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG
Articles in the same Issue
- High Variability in the Thickness of the S3 Layer in Pinus radiata Tracheids
- Intra- and Inter-Tree Variability of Moisture Content in Standing Sessile Oak (Quercus petraea Liebl.)
- Depletion of CCA-C from Ground-Contact Wood: Results from Two Field Sites with Significantly Different Soils
- Reaction Characteristics on the Green Surface of Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel) Treated with Chromated Phosphate
- The Organosolv Fractionation of Cork Components
- Identification of New Hydroxy Fatty Acids and Ferulic Acid Esters in the Wood of Eucalyptus globulus
- The Pyridine-Catalysed Acylation of Pine Sapwood and Phenolic Model Compounds with Carboxylic Acid Anhydrides. Determination of Activation Energies and Entropy of Activation
- Characterization of the Residual Lignins in Pinus taeda Biodegraded by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora by Using in situ CuO Oxidation and DFRC Methods
- Klason Lignin: Modifications to Improve the Precision of the Standardized Determination
- Softwood Bark Pyrolysis Oil-PF Resols. Part 1. Resin Synthesis and OSB Mechanical Properties
- Surface Area Characterization of Several Woodpulps by Humidity Adsorption
- A Comparative CP/MAS 13C-NMR Study of the Supermolecular Structure of Polysaccharides in Sulphite and Kraft Pulps
- Mass Transfer Characteristics of Western Hemlock and Western Red Cedar
- Fracture Behaviour of Modified Spruce Wood: A Study Using Linear and Non Linear Fracture Mechanics
- Instabilities in the System NMMO/Water/Cellulose (Lyocell Process) Caused by Polonowski Type Reactions
- Effects of Retention and Distribution of Fire Retardant Chemical on Performance of Fire Retardant Treated China Fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) Wood
- Examination of the Penetration of Polymeric Methylene Di-Phenyl-Di-Isocyanate (pMDI) into Wood Structure Using Chemical-State X-Ray Microscopy
- Literature Reports
Articles in the same Issue
- High Variability in the Thickness of the S3 Layer in Pinus radiata Tracheids
- Intra- and Inter-Tree Variability of Moisture Content in Standing Sessile Oak (Quercus petraea Liebl.)
- Depletion of CCA-C from Ground-Contact Wood: Results from Two Field Sites with Significantly Different Soils
- Reaction Characteristics on the Green Surface of Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel) Treated with Chromated Phosphate
- The Organosolv Fractionation of Cork Components
- Identification of New Hydroxy Fatty Acids and Ferulic Acid Esters in the Wood of Eucalyptus globulus
- The Pyridine-Catalysed Acylation of Pine Sapwood and Phenolic Model Compounds with Carboxylic Acid Anhydrides. Determination of Activation Energies and Entropy of Activation
- Characterization of the Residual Lignins in Pinus taeda Biodegraded by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora by Using in situ CuO Oxidation and DFRC Methods
- Klason Lignin: Modifications to Improve the Precision of the Standardized Determination
- Softwood Bark Pyrolysis Oil-PF Resols. Part 1. Resin Synthesis and OSB Mechanical Properties
- Surface Area Characterization of Several Woodpulps by Humidity Adsorption
- A Comparative CP/MAS 13C-NMR Study of the Supermolecular Structure of Polysaccharides in Sulphite and Kraft Pulps
- Mass Transfer Characteristics of Western Hemlock and Western Red Cedar
- Fracture Behaviour of Modified Spruce Wood: A Study Using Linear and Non Linear Fracture Mechanics
- Instabilities in the System NMMO/Water/Cellulose (Lyocell Process) Caused by Polonowski Type Reactions
- Effects of Retention and Distribution of Fire Retardant Chemical on Performance of Fire Retardant Treated China Fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) Wood
- Examination of the Penetration of Polymeric Methylene Di-Phenyl-Di-Isocyanate (pMDI) into Wood Structure Using Chemical-State X-Ray Microscopy
- Literature Reports
