Fixation of Chromium in Wood from Trivalent Chromium Salt Solutions
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F. C. Jorge
Summary
The aim of this study was to fix chromium chemically in wood from trivalent chromium solutions. Chromium(III) nitrate, chloride and sulphate salts were applied, both in aqueous and in methanolic solutions. To improve chromium fixation metallic zinc was used as a strong reductant to generate labile Cr(II) species from Cr(III), and base was added (NaOH for water and NaMeO for methanol). Aqueous solution reaction conditions were always acidic in spite of base addition, leading to unacceptable levels of wood degradation (e. g., weight loss), although relatively high chromium levels were attained in some cases. Methanolic solutions did not lead to wood degradation, and there was fixation of high levels of chromium. Although the addition of NaMeO seemed to improve chromium fixation, a chromium precipitate always formed, usually after a long reaction time (> 4h). Therefore the following experimental conditions for chromium fixation are suggested: alcoholic solution of Cr(III) chloride or nitrate, addition of metallic zinc, at reflux. To avoid using large amounts of zinc, Cr(III)-solutions can also be reduced electrochemically.
Copyright © 1999 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG
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- The Thermomechanical Behaviour of Wood Subject to Fungal Decay
- Fixation of Chromium in Wood from Trivalent Chromium Salt Solutions
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- Chemical Composition of Lipophilic Extractives from Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Wood
- Antifungal Compounds in the Ethyl Acetate Soluble Fraction of the Extractives of Taiwania (Taiwania cryptomerioides Hayata) Heartwood
- Efficacy of Pinosylvins against White-Rot and Brown-Rot Fungi
- Investigations into Laccase-Mediator Delignification of Kraft Pulps
- Cell-Wall-Associated Oxidases from the Lignifying Xylem of Angiosperms and Gymnosperms: Monolignol Oxidation
- Atmospheric Acetic Acid Pulping of Rice Straw IV: Physico-Chemical Characterization of Acetic Acid Lignins from Rice Straw and Woods. Part 1. Physical Characteristics
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- Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry as a Tool for Lignins Molecular Weight and Structural Characterisation
- Determination of Phenolic Hydroxyl Groups in Lignin by Combined Use of 1H NMR and UV Spectroscopy
- The Effective Diffusion Coefficient and Mass Transfer Coefficient of Nordic Softwoods as Calculated from Direct Drying Experiments
- Stress Relaxation of Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D.Don) Wood in Radial Compression under High Temperature Steam
- Structural Performance of Fire-Retardant Treated Plywood: Effect of Elevated Temperature
- Sorption Behaviour and Dimensional Changes of Wood-Coating Composites
- Literature Reports
Articles in the same Issue
- The Significance of Accelerated Laboratory Testing Methods Determining the Natural Durability of Wood
- The Thermomechanical Behaviour of Wood Subject to Fungal Decay
- Fixation of Chromium in Wood from Trivalent Chromium Salt Solutions
- Spatial Distribution of Metal Ions in Spruce Wood by Synchrotron Radiation Microbeam X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis
- Chemical Composition of Lipophilic Extractives from Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Wood
- Antifungal Compounds in the Ethyl Acetate Soluble Fraction of the Extractives of Taiwania (Taiwania cryptomerioides Hayata) Heartwood
- Efficacy of Pinosylvins against White-Rot and Brown-Rot Fungi
- Investigations into Laccase-Mediator Delignification of Kraft Pulps
- Cell-Wall-Associated Oxidases from the Lignifying Xylem of Angiosperms and Gymnosperms: Monolignol Oxidation
- Atmospheric Acetic Acid Pulping of Rice Straw IV: Physico-Chemical Characterization of Acetic Acid Lignins from Rice Straw and Woods. Part 1. Physical Characteristics
- Lignin-Polyphenol Interaction in Azobe (Lophira alata) Heartwood. A Study on Milled Wood Lignin (MWL) and Klason Residues
- Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry as a Tool for Lignins Molecular Weight and Structural Characterisation
- Determination of Phenolic Hydroxyl Groups in Lignin by Combined Use of 1H NMR and UV Spectroscopy
- The Effective Diffusion Coefficient and Mass Transfer Coefficient of Nordic Softwoods as Calculated from Direct Drying Experiments
- Stress Relaxation of Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D.Don) Wood in Radial Compression under High Temperature Steam
- Structural Performance of Fire-Retardant Treated Plywood: Effect of Elevated Temperature
- Sorption Behaviour and Dimensional Changes of Wood-Coating Composites
- Literature Reports
