Is serum γ-glutamyltransferase an exposure marker of xenobiotics? Empirical evidence with polycylic aromatic hydrocarbon
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Duk-Hee Lee
Abstract
Background: We recently hypothesized that serum γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), within its reference range, predicts many diseases as a biomarker for background exposure to various xenobiotics. Even though normal serum GGT was associated with xenobiotics having very long half-lives (heavy metals, dioxin, or organochlorine pesticides), it was unknown whether GGT was associated with xenobiotics with short half-lives, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), well known carcinogens.
Methods: Among 1256 adult participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2004, urinary metabolites of PAH (monohydroxy-PAH), and serum GGT were measured. We selected the 10 monohydroxy-PAHs (OH-PAHs) for which at least 90% of participants had concentrations greater than the limit of detection.
Results: Among the 10 OH-PAHs, eight had significant positive correlations with serum GGT. These correlations were similarly observed in men and women, and in individuals under 60 years of age. Unlike serum GGT, alanine aminotransferase, another liver enzyme, was not associated with OH-PAHs.
Conclusions: Taken together with the previous epidemiological evidence, the associations of serum GGT with OH-PAHs reinforce the concept that serum GGT is a marker for various environmental pollutants encountered at background levels in the general population.
Clin Chem Lab Med 2009;47:860–2.
©2009 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
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- Review
- The prevalence and risk factors for gallstone disease
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- Measurement uncertainty of test kit results – the ELISA example
- Genetics and Molecular Diagnostics
- Expression of RhoA and RhoC in colorectal carcinoma and its relations with clinicopathological parameters
- High-sensitive microarray substrates specifically designed to improve sensitivity for the identification of fetal paternally inherited sequences in maternal plasma
- A new CYP21A2 nonsense mutation causing severe 21-hydroxylase deficiency
- The haptoglobin phenotype is associated with the Epstein-Barr virus antibody titer
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