Automation of biochip array technology for quality results
-
Roisin M. Molloy
Abstract
Background: Proteomics' requirement for simultaneous measurement of multiple markers is now possible with biochip array technology. Many laboratories utilise in-house, manual procedures for biochip fabrication and sample testing. Reproducibility and standardisation of biochip processes is vital to ensure quality of results and offer the best tool for elucidation of complex relationships between multiple proteins in diseased conditions.
Methods: Various novel control checks have been implemented in biochip fabrication, reagent manufacture, automation and imaging processes for the Evidence analyser. Reference spots enable location of discrete test regions on the surface of the biochip and simultaneous quantification of multiple markers. Performance and standardisation methods are presented.
Results: Formulation of dispense solution for discrete test regions had a direct effect on their shape, stability and integrity on the biochip surface. Assays for fertility hormones and drugs of abuse demonstrated excellent precision, stability and comparison with other commercial methods.
Conclusion: Control processes employed in the manufacture and analysis of Evidence components ensure reproducibility of assays for a range of routine and novel markers.
References
1. Ramsay G. DNA chips: state-of-the-art. Nat Biotechnol 1998; 16:40–4.10.1038/nbt0198-40Search in Google Scholar
2. Tillib SV, Mirzabekov AD. Advances in the analysis of DNA sequence variations using oligonucleotide microchip technology. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2001; 12:53–8.10.1016/S0958-1669(00)00168-3Search in Google Scholar
3. Simone NL, Paweletz CP, Charboneau L, Petricoin EF III, Liotta LA. Laser capture microdissesction: beyond functional genomics to proteomics. Mol Diag 2000; 5:301–7.10.2165/00066982-200005040-00008Search in Google Scholar
4. Brower V. Proteomics: biology in the post-genomic era. Eur Mol Biol Org Reports 2001; 2:558–60.10.1093/embo-reports/kve144Search in Google Scholar
5. Tomlinson IM, Holt LJ. Protein profiling comes of age. Genome Biol 2001; 2.10.1186/gb-2001-2-2-reviews1004Search in Google Scholar
6. Emmert-Buck MR, Gillespie JW, Paweletz CP, Ornstein DK, Basrur V, Appella E, et al. An approach to proteomic analysis of human tumours. Mol Carcinog 2000; 27:158–65.10.1002/(SICI)1098-2744(200003)27:3<158::AID-MC2>3.0.CO;2-2Search in Google Scholar
7. Page MJ, Amess B, Townsend RR, Parekh R, Herath A, Brusten L, et al. Proteomic definition of normal human luminal and myoepithelial breast cells purified from reduction mammoplasties. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999; 96:12589–94.10.1073/pnas.96.22.12589Search in Google Scholar
8. Celis JE, Celis P, Ostergaard M, Basse B, Lauridsen JB, Ratz G, et al. Proteomics and immunohistochemistry define some of the steps involved in the squamous differentiation of the bladder transitional epithelium: a novel strategy for identifying metaplastic lesions. CancerRes 1999; 59:3003–9.Search in Google Scholar
9. Kuwata H, Yip TT, Yip CL, Tomita M, Hutchens TW. Bactericidal domain of lactoferrin: detection, quantitation and characterization of lactoferrin in serum by SELDI affinity mass spectrometry. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 245:764–73.10.1006/bbrc.1998.8466Search in Google Scholar
10. Bruenner BA, Yip TT, Hutchens TW. Quantitative analysis of oligonucleotides by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 1996; 10:1797–801.10.1002/(SICI)1097-0231(199611)10:14<1797::AID-RCM754>3.0.CO;2-5Search in Google Scholar
11. Kodadek T. Microarrays, prospects and problems. Chem Biol 2001; 8:105–15.10.1016/S1074-5521(00)90067-XSearch in Google Scholar
12. Abbott A. Betting on tomorrow's chips. Nature 2002; 415:112–4.10.1038/415112aSearch in Google Scholar
13. Cahill DJ. Protein and antibody arrays and their medical applications. J Immunol Methods 2001; 250:81–91.10.1016/S0022-1759(01)00325-8Search in Google Scholar
14. Edwards AM, Arrowsmith CH, des Pallieres B. Proteomics: new tools for a new era. Modern Drug Discovery 2000; 5:35–44.Search in Google Scholar
15. Petricoin EF, Ardekani AM, Hitt BA, Levine PJ, Fusaro VA, Steinberg SM, Mills GB, et al. Use of proteomic patterns in serum to identify ovarian cancer. Lancet 2002; 359:572–7.10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07746-2Search in Google Scholar
16. Jenkins RE, Pennington SR. Arrays for protein expression profiling: towards a viable alternative to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis? Proteomics 2001; 1:13–29.10.1002/1615-9861(200101)1:1<13::AID-PROT13>3.0.CO;2-JSearch in Google Scholar
17. Wilson D, Nock S. Recent developments in protein Microarray technology. Angew Chem Int End 2003; 42:494–500.10.1002/anie.200390150Search in Google Scholar
18. Kusnezow W, Hoheisel JD. Antibody arrays: promises and problems. Bio Techniques 2002; 33:S14–S23.10.2144/dec02kusnezowSearch in Google Scholar
19. FitzGerald SP, Lamont J, Mc Connell RI, ElBenchikh O. Development of a high throughput automated analyser using biochip array technology. Clin Chem 2005; 51:1165–76.10.1373/clinchem.2005.049429Search in Google Scholar
20. Ekins R, Chu F. Immunoassay and other ligand assays: present status and future trends. JIFCC 1997; 9:100–9.Search in Google Scholar
21. Diehl F, Grahlmann, Beier M, Hoheisel JD. Manufacturing DNA microarrays of high spot homogeneity and reduced background signal. Nucleic Acids Res 2001; 29:E38.10.1093/nar/29.7.e38Search in Google Scholar
©2005 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
Articles in the same Issue
- Contents Volume 43, 2005
- Author Index
- Subject Index
- ProteinChips: the essential tools for proteomic biomarker discovery and future clinical diagnostics
- Protein profiling as a diagnostic tool in clinical chemistry: a review
- Protein biochip systems for the clinical laboratory
- Automation of biochip array technology for quality results
- SELDI-TOF-MS proteomics of breast cancer
- Protein microarrays for the diagnosis of allergic diseases: state-of-the-art and future development
- Separation of human serum proteins using the Beckman-Coulter PF2D™ system: analysis of ion exchange-based first dimension chromatography
- Rapid, accurate genotyping of alcohol dehydrogenase-1B and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 based on the use of denaturing HPLC
- APOA1 polymorphisms are associated with variations in serum triglyceride concentrations in hypercholesterolemic individuals
- Simple PCR heteroduplex, SSCP mutation screening methods for the detection of novel catalase mutations in Hungarian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Glycogen phosphorylase BB in acute coronary syndromes
- Alteration in serum leptin correlates with alterations in serum N-telopeptide of collagen type I and serum osteocalcin during the progression of osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats
- Glycemic control in diabetes in three Danish counties
- Atorvastatin suppresses homocysteine formation in stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- Buprenorphine detection in biological samples
- The effect of thyroid antibody positivity on reference intervals for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) in an aged population
- High-affinity antibodies in a new immunoassay for plasma tissue factor: reduction in apparent intra-individual variation
- Physiological matrix metalloproteinase concentrations in serum during childhood and adolescence, using Luminex® Multiplex technology
- Sensitive immunoassays for the autoantibodies reacting against citrullinated carboxy-terminal telopeptides of type I and type II collagens in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
- Acknowledgement
Articles in the same Issue
- Contents Volume 43, 2005
- Author Index
- Subject Index
- ProteinChips: the essential tools for proteomic biomarker discovery and future clinical diagnostics
- Protein profiling as a diagnostic tool in clinical chemistry: a review
- Protein biochip systems for the clinical laboratory
- Automation of biochip array technology for quality results
- SELDI-TOF-MS proteomics of breast cancer
- Protein microarrays for the diagnosis of allergic diseases: state-of-the-art and future development
- Separation of human serum proteins using the Beckman-Coulter PF2D™ system: analysis of ion exchange-based first dimension chromatography
- Rapid, accurate genotyping of alcohol dehydrogenase-1B and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 based on the use of denaturing HPLC
- APOA1 polymorphisms are associated with variations in serum triglyceride concentrations in hypercholesterolemic individuals
- Simple PCR heteroduplex, SSCP mutation screening methods for the detection of novel catalase mutations in Hungarian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Glycogen phosphorylase BB in acute coronary syndromes
- Alteration in serum leptin correlates with alterations in serum N-telopeptide of collagen type I and serum osteocalcin during the progression of osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats
- Glycemic control in diabetes in three Danish counties
- Atorvastatin suppresses homocysteine formation in stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- Buprenorphine detection in biological samples
- The effect of thyroid antibody positivity on reference intervals for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) in an aged population
- High-affinity antibodies in a new immunoassay for plasma tissue factor: reduction in apparent intra-individual variation
- Physiological matrix metalloproteinase concentrations in serum during childhood and adolescence, using Luminex® Multiplex technology
- Sensitive immunoassays for the autoantibodies reacting against citrullinated carboxy-terminal telopeptides of type I and type II collagens in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
- Acknowledgement
