Assessment of Hypolactasia and Site-Specific Intestinal Permeability by Differential Sugar Absorption of Raffinose, Lactose, Sucrose and Mannitol
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Abstract
The sugar absorption test is a non-invasive test for investigating intestinal permeability by simultaneous measurement of four probe sugars. In this study, we evaluated the utility of raffinose, lactose, sucrose and mannitol as probe sugars and calculated their urinary recovery as a percentage of ingested dose (mol/mol) and the recovery ratios of raffinose/mannitol, lactose/raffinose and sucrose/raffinose. The reference ranges for these ratios, established from 39 healthy volunteers, are 0.005–0.015, 0.13–0.63 and 0.09–0.47, respectively. This sugar absorption test was performed in three patient groups. i) In 109 patients with aspecific gastrointestinal symptoms of whom intestinal histology was studied by duodenal biopsies: the urinary raffinose/mannitol recovery ratio highly correlated with gradation of duodenal damage; the sensitivity and specificity of the raffinose/mannitol ratio for detection of intestinal damage were 93% and 91%, respectively, using a cut-off level of 0.020. ii) In 70 patients in whom intestinal lactase activity was investigated by the lactose tolerance test: the urinary lactose/raffinose recovery ratio provided high diagnostic accuracy for hypolactasia (sensitivity 81% and specificity 89% at a cut-off level of 0.70). In analogy with the lactose/raffinose ratio, we suppose that the sucrose/raffinose ratio can be used as a marker of hyposucrasia. iii) In 40 patients with localized small intestinal damage, Crohns disease of the ileum (n = 21) and celiac disease with histologically proven duodenal damage (n = 19): the raffinose/mannitol recovery ratio was increased in 100% of patients with celiac disease and in 81% of patients with Crohns disease; increased lactose/raffinose recovery ratio (hypolactasia) and increased sucrose/raffinose (hyposucrasia) were present in 89% and 95% of celiac patients and 19% and 0% of Crohn's disease patients, respectively. The combination of the raffinose/mannitol ratio and sucrose/raffinose ratio appears to be an indication of the distribution of intestinal damage.
Copyright © 2003 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG
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Articles in the same Issue
- SIBioC 2003 35th National Congress of the Italian Society of Clinical Biochemistry and Clinical Molecular Biology, Florence, Italy, 14–17 October 2003
- Vitamins and Trace Elements: The Distances between Deficiency and Repletion and between Care and Prevention
- Factors Affecting Intestinal Absorption of Highly Lipophilic Food Microconstituents (Fat-Soluble Vitamins, Carotenoids and Phytosterols)
- Protective Effects of Antioxidant Micronutrients (Vitamin E, Zinc and Selenium) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
- Biofactors in the Mediterranean Diet
- The Effect of Selenium on Immune Functions of J774.1 Cells
- Effects of Vitamin B12 and Folate Deficiencies on DNA Methylation and Carcinogenesis in Rat Liver
- Trace Elements, Innate Immune Response and Parasites
- Clinical B12 Deficiency in One Case of Recurrent Spontaneous Pregnancy Loss
- Low Frequency of Mutated Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase 677 C→T and 1298 A→C Genetics Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in Sub-Saharan Populations
- A Two-Step Method for the Extraction of High-Quality RNA from Endoscopic Biopsies
- Assay for Cross-Linked Carboxyterminal Telopeptide of Type I Collagen (ICTP) Unlike CrossLaps Assay Reflects Increased Pathological Degradation of Type I Collagen in Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Stimulatory Effect of Homocysteine on Interleukin-8 Expression in Human Endothelial Cells
- Sensitive and Specific Photometric Determination of Mannitol in Human Serum
- Assessment of Hypolactasia and Site-Specific Intestinal Permeability by Differential Sugar Absorption of Raffinose, Lactose, Sucrose and Mannitol
- Human Plasminogen Is Highly Susceptible to Peroxynitrite Inactivation
- Analytical and Clinical Evaluation of a New Urinary Tumor Marker: Bladder Tumor Fibronectin in Diagnosis and Follow-up of Bladder Cancer
- Biological Variation of Lipoprotein(a) in a Diabetic Population. Analysis of the Causes and Clinical Implications
- Relationship of Dehydroepiandrosterone and Its 7-Hydroxylated Metabolites to Thyroid Parameters and Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG) in Healthy Subjects
- Comparability of Eight Immunoassay Procedures for the Determination of CA 15-3 and Related Markers
- Reference Values of Serum Total Sialic Acid for Healthy Adult Subjects and Comparison of Two Different Calibrators for Quantitation of Total Sialic Acid in High Performance Anion-Exchange Chromatography with Pulsed Amperometric Detection
- A Simple Method for the Classification of Proteinuria
- Meetings and Awards
