Mesoscale dispersal of the introduced kelp Undaria pinnatifida attached to unstable substrata
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Cathryn Sliwa
, Craig R. Johnson and Chad L. Hewitt
Abstract
In areas of Tasmania and New Zealand, the introduced Japanese alga, Undaria pinnatifida, grows attached to unstable substrata such as small cobbles and shells. Observations suggest these algae may disperse by saltation (i.e., a series of jumps) while attached to their substratum. A predictive model was developed to estimate the dispersal rate of U. pinnatifida by this mechanism, depending on drag force (as a function of lamina surface area and water velocity), the buoyant weight of the attached substratum and the depth at which the alga was located. The model was parameterised based on empirical measurements of 89 tagged thalli in the field, and estimates of drag on different sized laminae determined from experiments in a large flume tank. Empirical observations and model predictions suggest that under typical conditions at moderately exposed sites, dispersal via this mechanism is likely to be of the order of at least 101–102 m per year. When compared to the likely dispersal of spores from the parent (≈101 m per year), and the likely dispersal of fertile drift thalli (≈103–104 m per year), we suggest that algae on unstable substrata may provide a mechanism for intermediate dispersal over moderate distances, providing sufficient spore density to ensure high fertilisation success. This is likely to enhance the rate of spread of U. pinnatifida in circumstances where habitat suitable for establishment is available.
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©2006 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
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Articles in the same Issue
- Morphological variation in the tropical seagrasses, Cymodocea serrulata and C. rotundata, in response to sediment conditions and light attenuation
- Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on the development and differentiation of vegetative cells of Porphyra yezoensis on solid agar medium
- Susceptibility of macroalgae to herbivorous fishes at Rocas Atoll, Brazil
- Distribution of three submersed macrophytes in coastal lagoons of the German Baltic Sea: comparison of laboratory and field data
- Mesoscale dispersal of the introduced kelp Undaria pinnatifida attached to unstable substrata
- Vegetative and reproductive phenology of Zonaria tournefortii (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) in sublittoral populations off the Canary Islands
- Autogamic reproductive behavior and sex cell structure in Thalassiosira angulata (Bacillariophyta)
- Peyssonnelia imbricata sp. nov. (Peyssonneliaceae, Rhodophyta) from Puerto Rico, Caribbean Sea
- Cocconeis distans Gregory and Amphicocconeis debesi (Hustedt) De Stefano comb. nov. (Bacillariophyta), an intricate taxonomical history
- Decomposition of dead twigs of Avicennia officinalis and Rhizophora mucronata in a mangrove in southwestern India
- World seaweed resources. An authoritative reference system
- Global coastal change
- Meetings
- Acknowledgement volume 49 (2006)
- Contents volume 49 (2006)
- Author index volume 49 (2006)
- Genus/Species index volume 49 (2006)