Modeling of variant copies of subunit D1 in the structure of photosystem II from Thermosynechococcus elongatus
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Bernhard Loll
Abstract
In the cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP-1, living in hot springs, the light environment directly regulates expression of genes that encode key components of the photosynthetic multi-subunit protein-pigment complex photosystem II (PSII). Light is not only essential as an energy source to power photosynthesis, but leads to formation of aggressive radicals which induce severe damage of protein subunits and organic cofactors. Photosynthetic organisms develop several protection mechanisms against this photo-damage, such as the differential expression of genes coding for the reaction center subunit D1 in PSII. Testing the expression of the three different genes (psbAI, psbAII, psbAIII) coding for D1 in T. elongatus under culture conditions used for preparing the material used in crystallization of PSII showed that under these conditions only subunit PsbA1 is present. However, exposure to high-light intensity induced partial replacement of PsbA1 with PsbA3. Modeling of the variant amino acids of the three different D1 copies in the 3.0 Å resolution crystal structure of PSII revealed that most of them are in the direct vicinity to redox-active cofactors of the electron transfer chain. Possible structural and mechanistic consequences for electron transfer are discussed.
©2008 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
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Articles in the same Issue
- Guest Editorial
- Novel paradigms in vaccine development: from small pox eradication to therapeutic vaccines
- Highlight: 3rd Semmering Conference 2007
- Adaptive immune responses to hepatitis C virus: from viral immunobiology to a vaccine
- Dendritic cell subtypes as primary targets of vaccines: the emerging role and cross-talk of pattern recognition receptors
- Novel strategies to identify biomarkers in tuberculosis
- Not to wake a sleeping giant: new insights into host-pathogen interactions identify new targets for vaccination against latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
- Lipopolysaccharide: a tool and target in enterobacterial vaccine development
- The coming of age of virus-like particle vaccines
- Maintenance of serological memory
- Adjuvant activity of type I interferons
- Japanese encephalitis vaccines – needs, flaws and achievements
- Analysis of the human cytomegalovirus pp65-directed T-cell response in healthy HLA-A2-positive individuals
- Non-regulatory CD8+CD45RO+CD25+ T-lymphocytes may compensate for the loss of antigen-inexperienced CD8+CD45RA+ T-cells in old age
- Pre-clinical development of cell culture (Vero)-derived H5N1 pandemic vaccines
- Construction of an encapsulated ESAT-6-based anti-TB DNA vaccine and evaluation of its immunogenic properties
- Review
- RNA switches regulate initiation of translation in bacteria
- Protein Structure and Function
- Inhibition of bacterial oxidases by formamide and analogs
- Modeling of variant copies of subunit D1 in the structure of photosystem II from Thermosynechococcus elongatus
