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Accumulation of viroid-specific small RNAs and increase in nucleolytic activities linked to viroid-caused pathogenesis

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Published/Copyright: January 10, 2007
Biological Chemistry
From the journal Volume 388 Issue 1

Abstract

Strong viroid-caused pathogenesis was achieved in tomato cv. Rutgers by biolistic transfer of severe or lethal potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) strains, while other tomato genotypes (e.g., Moneymaker) were tolerant. With reciprocal hybrids between sensitive and tolerant genotypes, we show that plant depression dominates over tolerance. Biolistic transfer of the most pathogenic PSTVd strain AS1 to Nicotiana benthamiana, which is considered to be a symptomless PSTVd host, led to a strong pathogenesis reaction and stunting, suggesting the presence of specific viroid pathogenesis-promoting target(s) in this plant species. Total levels of small siRNA-like PSTVd-specific RNAs were enhanced in strongly symptomatic tomato and N. benthamiana plants after biolistic infection with AS1 in comparison to the mild QFA strain. This indicates association of elevated levels of viroid-specific small RNA with production of strong symptoms. In symptom-bearing tomato leaves in comparison to controls, an RNase of approximately 18 kDa was induced and the activity of a nuclease of 34 kDa was elevated by a factor of seven in the vascular system. Sequence analysis of the nuclease cDNA designated TBN1 showed high homology with plant apoptotic endonucleases. The vascular-specific pathogenesis action is supported by light microscopic observations demonstrating a certain lack of xylem tissue and an arrest of the establishment of new vascular bundles in collapsed plants.

Keywords: biolistic inoculation; disease symptoms; Lycopersicon esculentum; Nicotiana benthamiana; plant nucleases; potato spindle tuber viroid; silencing
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Published Online: 2007-01-10
Published in Print: 2007-01-01

©2007 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Accumulation of viroid-specific small RNAs and increase in nucleolytic activities linked to viroid-caused pathogenesis
  2. Characterisation of Plasmodium falciparum RESA-like protein peptides that bind specifically to erythrocytes and inhibit invasion
  3. Structural modifications to a high-activity binding peptide located within the PfEMP1 NTS domain induce protection against P. falciparum malaria in Aotus monkeys
  4. Characterisation of YtfM, a second member of the Omp85 family in Escherichia coli
  5. Presence of the propeptide on recombinant lysosomal dipeptidase controls both activation and dimerization
  6. Conformational studies on Arabidopsis sulfurtransferase AtStr1 with spectroscopic methods
  7. Glycine-assisted enhancement of 1,4-β-d-xylan xylanohydrolase activity at alkaline pH with a pH optimum shift
  8. Asef is a Cdc42-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor
  9. Metal-binding sites at the active site of restriction endonuclease BamHI can conform to a one-ion mechanism
  10. Interaction of the cellular prion protein with raft-like lipid membranes
  11. Tissue-specific transcription factor HNF4α inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in the pancreatic INS-1 β-cell line
  12. Binding of aflatoxins to the 20S proteasome: effects on enzyme functionality and implications for oxidative stress and apoptosis
  13. The insect metalloproteinase inhibitor gene of the lepidopteran Galleria mellonella encodes two distinct inhibitors
  14. Activation profiles of the zymogen of aspergilloglutamic peptidase
https://doi.org/10.1515/BC.2007.001
Keywords for this article
biolistic inoculation; disease symptoms; Lycopersicon esculentum; Nicotiana benthamiana; plant nucleases; potato spindle tuber viroid; silencing

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Accumulation of viroid-specific small RNAs and increase in nucleolytic activities linked to viroid-caused pathogenesis
  2. Characterisation of Plasmodium falciparum RESA-like protein peptides that bind specifically to erythrocytes and inhibit invasion
  3. Structural modifications to a high-activity binding peptide located within the PfEMP1 NTS domain induce protection against P. falciparum malaria in Aotus monkeys
  4. Characterisation of YtfM, a second member of the Omp85 family in Escherichia coli
  5. Presence of the propeptide on recombinant lysosomal dipeptidase controls both activation and dimerization
  6. Conformational studies on Arabidopsis sulfurtransferase AtStr1 with spectroscopic methods
  7. Glycine-assisted enhancement of 1,4-β-d-xylan xylanohydrolase activity at alkaline pH with a pH optimum shift
  8. Asef is a Cdc42-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor
  9. Metal-binding sites at the active site of restriction endonuclease BamHI can conform to a one-ion mechanism
  10. Interaction of the cellular prion protein with raft-like lipid membranes
  11. Tissue-specific transcription factor HNF4α inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in the pancreatic INS-1 β-cell line
  12. Binding of aflatoxins to the 20S proteasome: effects on enzyme functionality and implications for oxidative stress and apoptosis
  13. The insect metalloproteinase inhibitor gene of the lepidopteran Galleria mellonella encodes two distinct inhibitors
  14. Activation profiles of the zymogen of aspergilloglutamic peptidase
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