Participation of Residue F552 in Domain III of the Protective Antigen in the Biological Activity of Anthrax Lethal Toxin
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Hemant Khanna
Abstract
The protective antigen (PA) component of anthrax toxin translocates the catalytic moieties lethal factor (LF) and edema factor (EF) into the cytosol. The proteolytically activated 63 kDa form of PA (PA63) has the ability to oligomerize and bind LF/EF. PA has four distinct domains performing specialized functions; whereas the function of domains I, II and IV has been well characterized, domain III has no known role in the biological activity of PA. Here we report the role of amino acid residues lining an exposed hydrophobic patch of domain III in the biological activity of PA. The residues Phe[552], Phe[554], Ile[562], Leu[566] and Ile[574] were individually substituted with alanine and the effect was studied. All mutant PA proteins except Phe552Ala were equally active as wildtype PA in exhibiting a toxic phenotype to J774A.1 cells in the presence of LF. Substitution of Ala for Phe[552] reduced the ability of PA to intoxicate cells by more than 250-fold. However, Phe552Ala was equally active in receptor binding and susceptibility to trypsin and chymotrypsin as wildtype PA, the activities that have been shown to be essential for the biological activity of PA. This mutated PA protein had a decreased ability to bind LF, oligomerize on cells and to induce release of [86]Rb+ from Chinese hamster ovary cells. These results suggest that the residue Phe[552] in PA plays an important role in LF binding and oligomerization. Our study provides a basis for further exploration of the biological significance of domain III of PA.
Copyright © 2001 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG
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Articles in the same Issue
- Biological Activity of Mammalian Transcriptional Repressors
- Cloning and Characterisation of Chlorophyll Synthase from Avena sativa
- DNA Damage by 3,6-Dihydropyrazine-2,5-Dipropanoic Acid, the Cyclic Dimerization Product of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid
- Chicken Erythrocyte Pyrimidine 5-Nucleotidase: Purification and Characterization of the Subclass I Enzyme
- Coenzymes Q9 and Q10, Vitamin E and Peroxidation in Rat Synaptic and Non-Synaptic Occipital Cerebral Cortex Mitochondria during Ageing
- Membrane Activity of (Cys48Ser) Lung Surfactant Protein B Increases with Dimerisation
- Participation of Residue F552 in Domain III of the Protective Antigen in the Biological Activity of Anthrax Lethal Toxin
- Purification of Chrysancorin, a Novel Antifungal Protein with Mitogenic Activity from Garland Chrysanthemum Seeds
- Legumain Forms from Plants and Animals Differ in Their Specificity
- Assignment of the Complete Disulphide Bridge Pattern in the Human Recombinant Follitropin β -Chain
- The Small GTPase Ras Is Involved in Growth Factor-Regulated Expression of the α1 Integrin Subunit in PC12 Cells
- The Mouse Gap Junction Gene Connexin29 Is Highly Expressed in Sciatic Nerve and Regulated during Brain Development
- A Selenocysteine-Containing Peroxiredoxin from the Strictly Anaerobic Organism Eubacterium acidaminophilum
- Characterization of C-Terminally Truncated Human Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-4 Expressed in Pichia pastoris
