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The Ubiquitin System and the N-End Rule Pathway
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Alexander Varshavsky
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July 5, 2005
Abstract
Eukaryotes contain a highly conserved multienzyme system which covalently links a small protein, ubiquitin, to a variety of intracellular proteins that bear degradation signals recognized by this system. The resulting ubiquitin-protein conjugates are degraded by the 26S proteasome, an ATP-dependent protease. Pathways that involve ubiquitin play major roles in a huge variety of processes, including cell differentiation, cell cycle, and responses to stress. In this article we briefly review the design of the ubiquitin system, and describe two recent advances, the finding that ubiquitin ligases interact with specific components of the 26S proteasome, and the demonstration that peptides accelerate their uptake into cells by activating the N-end rule pathway, one of several proteolytic pathways of the ubiquitin system.
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Published Online: 2005-07-05
Published in Print: 2000-09-13
Copyright © 2000 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG
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Articles in the same Issue
- Alexander J. Varshavsky Felix Hoppe-Seyler Lecturer 2000
- The Ubiquitin System and the N-End Rule Pathway
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- Analysis of the Deubiquitinating Enzymes of the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Helical Tubes of FtsZ from Methanococcus jannaschii
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Articles in the same Issue
- Alexander J. Varshavsky Felix Hoppe-Seyler Lecturer 2000
- The Ubiquitin System and the N-End Rule Pathway
- Paper of the Year 1999: Award to Igor Stagljar
- A Clockwork Organ
- The Transgeneticists Toolbox: Novel Methods for the Targeted Modification of Eukaryotic Genomes
- Interdependence of Filamentous Actin and Microtubules for Asymmetric Cell Division
- Genetic Analysis of Mammalian Cyclin-Dependent Kinases and Their Inhibitors
- Phosphorylcholine Substituents in Nematodes: Structures, Occurrence and Biological Implications
- Selenium in Biology: Facts and Medical Perspectives
- The Role of Se, Mo and Fe in the Structure and Function of Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenase
- Molecular Basis for Interactions of the DnaK Chaperone with Substrates
- Protein Import: the Hitchhikers Guide into Chloroplasts
- Pathway Analysis and Metabolic Engineering in Corynebacterium glutamicum
- Metabolic Networks: a Signal-Oriented Approach to Cellular Models
- Representing and Analysing Molecular and Cellular Function Using the Computer
- Protein Aggregation and Pathogenesis of Huntingtons Disease: Mechanisms and Correlations
- The Mitochondrial Protein Import Motor
- The Immunoglobulin κ Gene Families of Human and Mouse: a Cottage Industry Approach
- Protein-Protein Interactions in Receptor Activation and Intracellular Signalling
- Molecular Genetic Analysis of Glucocorticoid Signaling Using the Cre/loxP System
- Macromolecular Intelligence in Microorganisms
- Thyroid Hormone Receptors Bind to an Element in the Connexin43 Promoter
- Analysis of the Deubiquitinating Enzymes of the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Helical Tubes of FtsZ from Methanococcus jannaschii
- Surface Topography of Microtubule Walls Decorated with Monomeric and Dimeric Kinesin Constructs
- Histone Deacetylase Activity Is Required for the Induction of the MyoD Muscle Cell Lineage in Xenopus
- The Effect of Heat Shock on 20S/26S Proteasomes
- Sec61p Is the Main Ribosome Receptor in the Endoplasmic Reticulum of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
