Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter 1
2. Table of Contents 5
3. Preface 7
4. 1 “Serious queries” and “editorial epistemologies”. How social media are contending with misinformation 9
5. 2 Problematic information in Google Web Search? Scrutinizing the results from U.S. election-related queries 33
6. 3 The scale of Facebook’s problem depends upon how “fake news” is classified 47
7. 4 When misinformation migrates. Cross-platform posting, YouTube and the deep vernacular web 67
8. 5 Fringe players on political Twitter. Source-sharing dynamics, partisanship and problematic actors 83
9. 6 Twitter as accidental authority. How a platform assumed an adjudicative role during the COVID-19 pandemic 109
10. 7 The earnest platform . U.S. presidential candidates, COVID-19, and social issues on Instagram 139
11. 8 A fringe mainstreamed, or tracing antagonistic slang between 4chan and Breitbart before and after Trump 165
12. 9 Political TikTok . Playful performance, ambivalent critique and event-commentary 187
13. Afterword: The misinformation problem and the deplatforming debates 207
14. Bibliography 213
15. Index 237