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MSAG-DFE: A Multi-scale Attention-Guided Deep Feature Extraction Framework for Enhanced Medical Image Diagnostics

  • Hariharan Rajadurai and Carolina Mendonca
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Machine Learning in Healthcare
This chapter is in the book Machine Learning in Healthcare

Abstract

The advent of deep learning has significantly enhanced healthcare diagnostics by enabling accurate and automated analysis of complex medical data. This progress depends on the development of trustworthy feature extraction techniques that effectively extract significant information from high-dimensional datasets. In this study, we propose a novel hybrid feature extraction framework, multi-scale attention-guided deep feature extraction (MSAG-DFE), which combines multi-scale convolutional modules with attention processes to enhance the discriminative power and relevance of extracted features. This approach effectively removes noise and superfluous data by leveraging the benefits of adaptive focus and hierarchical feature learning. The proposed MSAG-DFE framework was tested on the ChestX-ray14 dataset, which comprises over 100,000 frontal-view X-ray images labeled with 14 major thoracic disorders. Our model is better than baseline models such as DenseNet-121 (88.9%) and ResNet-50 (87.6%) with a mean area under the curve (AUC) of 91.3%. Specifically, MSAG-DFE demonstrated significant improvements in detecting severe conditions such as pneumonia (AUC: 94.5%) and cardiomegaly (AUC: 92.8%). With potential implications for real-time diagnostic support systems, these results validate the clinical utility and robustness of the proposed framework in obtaining highly relevant features for accurate disease classification.

Abstract

The advent of deep learning has significantly enhanced healthcare diagnostics by enabling accurate and automated analysis of complex medical data. This progress depends on the development of trustworthy feature extraction techniques that effectively extract significant information from high-dimensional datasets. In this study, we propose a novel hybrid feature extraction framework, multi-scale attention-guided deep feature extraction (MSAG-DFE), which combines multi-scale convolutional modules with attention processes to enhance the discriminative power and relevance of extracted features. This approach effectively removes noise and superfluous data by leveraging the benefits of adaptive focus and hierarchical feature learning. The proposed MSAG-DFE framework was tested on the ChestX-ray14 dataset, which comprises over 100,000 frontal-view X-ray images labeled with 14 major thoracic disorders. Our model is better than baseline models such as DenseNet-121 (88.9%) and ResNet-50 (87.6%) with a mean area under the curve (AUC) of 91.3%. Specifically, MSAG-DFE demonstrated significant improvements in detecting severe conditions such as pneumonia (AUC: 94.5%) and cardiomegaly (AUC: 92.8%). With potential implications for real-time diagnostic support systems, these results validate the clinical utility and robustness of the proposed framework in obtaining highly relevant features for accurate disease classification.

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Contents V
  3. Early Prediction of Chronic Kidney Disease Using a Novel Hybrid Regularized Adaptive Boosting Algorithm: An Advanced Machine Learning Approach 1
  4. DigiCure: A Patient-Centric Framework for Digital Transformation in Healthcare 21
  5. Exploring Machine Learning Approaches for Maximizing the Likelihood of Diabetes Classification 41
  6. A Hybrid Machine Learning Model for Risk Stratification and Functional Outcome Prediction in Stroke Survivors 61
  7. Data-Driven Machine Learning Strategies for Oncological Disease Prediction and Early-Stage Detection 83
  8. Machine Learning Applications in Mental Health: Ensemble-Based Predictive Modeling for Depression and Anxiety detection 103
  9. Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning in Clinical Research: Using Federated Learning to Protect Patient Data 129
  10. EpiCastNet: A Spatiotemporal Hybrid Learning Framework for Real-Time Epidemic Forecasting 149
  11. Machine Learning for Early Detection of Chronic Diseases: A Case Study in Diabetes Prediction 171
  12. Machine Learning Techniques for Healthcare 193
  13. Applications and Benefits of Machine Learning in Healthcare 215
  14. Intelligent Treatment Recommendation Using CareRecNet: A Patient-Centered Approach to Digital Health Transformation 233
  15. Reinforcement-Driven Graph Neural Framework for Personalized and Proactive Patient Care in Digital Health Systems 251
  16. Hybrid Attention-Driven Network for Predictive Healthcare Using Machine Learning and Data Analytics Perspective 271
  17. MSAG-DFE: A Multi-scale Attention-Guided Deep Feature Extraction Framework for Enhanced Medical Image Diagnostics 287
  18. On Mental Health Monitoring Using Commercial Wearable Devices and Machine Intelligence 305
  19. Enhancing Healthcare Delivery Through Evidence-Based Data Utilization 335
  20. AGBO-CP: An Adaptive Gradient Boosted Optimization Framework for Enhanced Clinical Prediction Accuracy 367
  21. A Hierarchical Cross-Fusion Feature Extraction Network for Accurate Cervical Cancer Classification Using Cytology Images 387
  22. Analyzing the Impact of Social Network on Epidemiological Spread in the Healthcare Sector 409
  23. Intelligent Interventions: Practical Applications of Machine Learning for Data-Driven Decision-Making in Healthcare 431
  24. Stress Recognition Through Physiological and Behavioral Signals: A Machine Learning Perspective 453
  25. MediChain-FL: A Federated Blockchain Framework for Privacy-Preserving and Intelligent Healthcare Data Exchange 485
  26. Reinforced Multi-objective Optimization Framework for Adaptive Healthcare Decision Intelligence 503
  27. Index
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111541235-015

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Contents V
  3. Early Prediction of Chronic Kidney Disease Using a Novel Hybrid Regularized Adaptive Boosting Algorithm: An Advanced Machine Learning Approach 1
  4. DigiCure: A Patient-Centric Framework for Digital Transformation in Healthcare 21
  5. Exploring Machine Learning Approaches for Maximizing the Likelihood of Diabetes Classification 41
  6. A Hybrid Machine Learning Model for Risk Stratification and Functional Outcome Prediction in Stroke Survivors 61
  7. Data-Driven Machine Learning Strategies for Oncological Disease Prediction and Early-Stage Detection 83
  8. Machine Learning Applications in Mental Health: Ensemble-Based Predictive Modeling for Depression and Anxiety detection 103
  9. Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning in Clinical Research: Using Federated Learning to Protect Patient Data 129
  10. EpiCastNet: A Spatiotemporal Hybrid Learning Framework for Real-Time Epidemic Forecasting 149
  11. Machine Learning for Early Detection of Chronic Diseases: A Case Study in Diabetes Prediction 171
  12. Machine Learning Techniques for Healthcare 193
  13. Applications and Benefits of Machine Learning in Healthcare 215
  14. Intelligent Treatment Recommendation Using CareRecNet: A Patient-Centered Approach to Digital Health Transformation 233
  15. Reinforcement-Driven Graph Neural Framework for Personalized and Proactive Patient Care in Digital Health Systems 251
  16. Hybrid Attention-Driven Network for Predictive Healthcare Using Machine Learning and Data Analytics Perspective 271
  17. MSAG-DFE: A Multi-scale Attention-Guided Deep Feature Extraction Framework for Enhanced Medical Image Diagnostics 287
  18. On Mental Health Monitoring Using Commercial Wearable Devices and Machine Intelligence 305
  19. Enhancing Healthcare Delivery Through Evidence-Based Data Utilization 335
  20. AGBO-CP: An Adaptive Gradient Boosted Optimization Framework for Enhanced Clinical Prediction Accuracy 367
  21. A Hierarchical Cross-Fusion Feature Extraction Network for Accurate Cervical Cancer Classification Using Cytology Images 387
  22. Analyzing the Impact of Social Network on Epidemiological Spread in the Healthcare Sector 409
  23. Intelligent Interventions: Practical Applications of Machine Learning for Data-Driven Decision-Making in Healthcare 431
  24. Stress Recognition Through Physiological and Behavioral Signals: A Machine Learning Perspective 453
  25. MediChain-FL: A Federated Blockchain Framework for Privacy-Preserving and Intelligent Healthcare Data Exchange 485
  26. Reinforced Multi-objective Optimization Framework for Adaptive Healthcare Decision Intelligence 503
  27. Index
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