30 Jamāl al-Dīn al-Afghānī: The Truth about the Neicheri Sect (1880/1881)

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter I
2. Contents V
3. Instructions for Use XI
4. About the Editors XIII
5. Secularity in the Middle East and North Africa: Introduction 1
6. Premodern Debates: Politics in Religion
7. Introduction 13
8. 1 Sa’adiah ben Yosef Gaon: The Book of Beliefs and Opinions (933) 16
9. 2 ʿUnṣur al-Maʿālī: A Mirror for Princes (ca. Mid-late 11th Century) 21
10. 3 Niẓām al-Mulk: Rules for Kings (ca. 1080) 29
11. 4 Al-Māwardī: The Discipline of Religious and Worldly Matters (ca. 1050) 38
12. 5 Al-Ghazālī: Balance in Belief (ca. 1100) 45
13. 6 Al-Qarāfī: Distinguishing Legal Opinions from Judicial Rulings (ca. 1250s) 52
14. 7 Al-Tawḥīdī: Delightful and Intimate Conversations (983–985) 57
15. 8 Yūsuf Khāṣṣ Ḥājib: Wisdom of Royal Glory (ca. 1060s) 64
16. 9 Ibn Khaldūn: Religion-based and Reason-based Politics (ca. 1380) 75
17. 10 Anonymous: On the Good of the Muslims (ca. 1650) and Anonymous: The Praised Book (1620) 78
18. (Ottoman-) Turkish Secularities between Expediency and Ideology: A History of Entanglements and Distinctions
19. Introduction 89
20. 11 Mustafa Fazıl Paşa: Letter to Sultan Abdülaziz (1867) 93
21. 12 Ziya Paşa: Law and Courts (1870) 97
22. 13 Anonymous: Visit of Archbishop İzmirliyan to the Sultan (1908) 100
23. 14 Elmalılı Muhammed Hamdi (Yazır): Islam, the Caliphate, and the Sheikh ül-Islam (1909) 106
24. 15 Misak Koçunyan: Dismantling the Patriarchates (1910) 112
25. 16 Bediüzzaman Said Nursi: The Problem of Nationalism (1911 and 1928–1935) 116
26. 17 Ziya Gökalp: Religion, Religiosity, and the State (1916) 121
27. 18 Ziya Gökalp: The State (1918) and The Office of the Sheikh ül-Islam (1918) 131
28. 19 Said Halim Pasha: Reform of Muslim Society (1922) 134
29. 20 Ahmed Cevdet [Oran]: The Secular State (1928) 138
30. 21 Abdülbaki Gölpınarlı: Religious Education for the Republican Child (1928–1929) 141
31. 22 Halide Edip Adıvar: The Clown and His Daughter (1935) 144
32. 23 Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar: Mahur Beste (1944) 148
33. 24 Ali Fuad Başgil: Religion and Secularism (1954) 151
34. 25 Yusuf Ziya Yörükan: Islam (1957) 155
35. 26 İhsan Eliaçık: A Religion of Life (2006) 159
36. 27 Abdurrahman Dilipak: Secularism (2020) 164
37. 28 Levent Gültekin: Why Is Liberal Laicism Important? (2020) 169
38. Colonial Formations and Postcolonial Elaborations in Arab Countries: Reason, Law, Socialism, Islamism, Secularism, and Civil Rights
39. Introduction 177
40. 29 Salīm al-Bustānī: On the Constitution (1877) 184
41. 30 Jamāl al-Dīn al-Afghānī: The Truth about the Neicheri Sect (1880/1881) 192
42. 31 Shiblī Shumayyil: The Philosophy of Evolution (1910) 199
43. 32 Faraḥ Anṭūn and Muḥammad ʿAbduh: A Debate on Secularity, Christianity and Islam (1902/03) 203
44. 33 Rafīq al-ʿAẓm: The Weakness of Muslims (1904) 216
45. 34 ʿAlī ʿAbd al-Rāziq: Islam and the Foundations of Power (1925) 225
46. 35 Salāma Mūsā: Freedom of Thought (1927) 227
47. 36 Khālid Muḥammad Khālid: Religion, not Priesthood (1950) 231
48. 37 Michel Aflaq: Our View on Religion (1956) 238
49. 38 Muḥammad Saʿīd al-ʿAshmāwī: The Truth of the Slogan “Islam is State and Religion” (1987) 243
50. 39 Ḥasan Ḥanafī and Muḥammad ʿĀbid al-Jābrī: Dialogue of East and West (1990) 251
51. 40 Muḥammad Bārūt: On Islamic Secularisation (1994) 262
52. 41 Abdelwahab Elmessiri: Partial and Comprehensive Secularism (2002) 268
53. 42 Georges Tarabichi: Secularism as an Islamic-Islamic Problematic (2008) 273
54. 43 Nassif Nassar: Secularity as a Victory for Justice (2009) 277
55. 44 Rached Ghannouchi: Secularism and the Relation of Religion to the State (2012) 282
56. 45 Abderrahmane Taha: The Misery of Secularism (2014) 290
57. 46 Ahmad Beydoun: Accommodating Secularism (2019) 296
58. 47 Sari Hanafi: Secularism and its Types (2021) 301
59. Iran’s Modernity (Late 19th Century – Early 21st Century)
60. Introduction 315
61. 48 Mīrzā Yūsuf Khān Mustashār al-Dawla: One Word (1870) 319
62. 49 Mīrzā Fatḥ ʿAli Ākhūndzādah: Letter to Mustashār al-Dawla (1875) 324
63. 50 ʿAli Akbar Dihkhudā: A New Epiphany (1907) 330
64. 51 Ṣadīqa Dawlatābādī: Wake up Sisters (1919) 334
65. 52 Jalal Al Ahmad: Westoxification (1962) 337
66. 53 Ali Shariʿati: Religion Contra Religion (1972) 344
67. 54 Khomeini: Sermon in Najaf (1977) 359
68. 55 Mehrangiz Kar: Political Rights of Women (1993) 366
69. 56 Morad Saghafi: Religious New-thinking or Political Rethinking (2000) 378
70. 57 ʿAbdolkarim Soroush: Reason, Freedom, & Democracy in Islam (2000) 388
71. 58 Sedigheh Vasmaghi: Law and the Exigencies of Time (2008) 396
72. 59 Seyed Ali Mirmousavi: A Critique of Religion-Based Politics (2021) 402
73. Israeli Debates and Hebrew Sources: Between Jewish Particularism and a Seat at the Table of Nations
74. Introduction 415
75. 60 Theodor Herzl: The Jewish State (1896) and Altneuland (1902) 417
76. 61 Shaul Tchernichovsky: Before the Statue of Apollo (1898) 423
77. 62 Aharon David Gordon: Our Score with the [ Jewish] Faith (ca. 1900) 426
78. 63 Yosef Haim Brenner: On the Spectacle of Jewish Conversion (1910) 430
79. 64 Haim Nahman Bialik: Halacha and Aggada (1916) 440
80. 65 Salim Yitzhak Nissim: Daughter of Babylon (1920) 450
81. 66 Jaqueline Kahanoff: Childhood in Egypt (1959) 453
82. 67 Yeshayahu Leibowitz: A Call for the Separation of Religion and State (1959) 464
83. 68 Rabbi Ovadia Yosef: He shall Opine (1980/1981) 475