Scandinavian-American place-names as viewed from the Old World

Chapters in this book

1. I-IV I
2. TABLE OF CONTENTS V
3. Preface IX
4. Acknowledgements XII
5. Opening of the SLE conference in Galway, August 29, 1992 XIII
6. Introduction 1
7. I. PRE-COLUMBIAN CONTACTS
8. A. OLD NORSE IN THE FAROES
9. Old Norse in the Faroes (with special reference to palatalization) 35
10. B. OLD NORSE IN SCOTLAND AND NORN IN SHETLAND
11. Historical and linguistic evidence for Gall-Gaidheil and Norse in Western Scotland 61
12. On the use of “be” as a perfective auxiliary in modern Shetland dialect: hybridization and syntactic change 75
13. C. OLD NORSE IN IRELAND
14. Old Norse in Ireland 83
15. D. OLD NORSE IN ICELAND
16. Language contact in Iceland: the evidence of names 115
17. E. GREENLAND
18. European contacts with Greenland as reflected in the place-names 125
19. II. POST-COLUMBIAN CONTACTS
20. A. SCANDINAVIAN CONTACTS - EMIGRATION HISTORY
21. Swedish exodus – from Sillgatan in Gothenburg to America 153
22. The Swedish Emigrant Institute and the documentation of the transatlantic emigration era 169
23. Five decades of research on Swedish emigration to North America 185
24. Β. SWEDISH- AMERICAN ENGLISH
25. Linkers, fillers, tags and flags – code-switching of conjunctions and conversational signals among American Swedes 199
26. C. SWEDISH - SPANISH IN ARGENTINA
27. Immigrant Swedish in Misiones, Argentina – towards language loss 217
28. D. NORWEGIAN - AMERICAN ENGLISH
29. The Norwegian immigrants of the late 18th century and the problem of the so-called ‘great melting pot’ in America 237
30. Scandinavian-American place-names as viewed from the Old World 255
31. The position of Nynorsk in the Norwegian-American press 269
32. Some phonological changes in a Norwegian dialect in America 283
33. The gender of English nouns used in American Norwegian 297
34. E. NORWEGIAN DIALECTS IN SPITSBERGEN
35. Semi-migration in the Arctic – a theoretical perspective on the dialect strategies of children on Spitsbergen 313
36. F. FINNISH - AMERICAN ENGLISH
37. Retention and replacement of original Finnish words in American Finnish 333
38. G. ENGLISH DIALECTS IN AMERICA
39. English dialects transported 351
40. H. SCOTS-GAELIC - AMERICAN ENGLISH
41. Cape Breton – Western Isles: transatlantic resonance of language and culture 363
42. Gaelic-influenced Scots in pre-revolutionary Maryland 387
43. Ulster English as Janus: Language contact across the Irish Sea and across the North Atlantic 411
44. I. DUTCH - AMERICAN ENGLISH
45. American Dutch: general trends in its development 427
46. J. GERMAN - AMERICAN ENGLISH
47. The death of Texas German in Gillespie County 443
48. K. CROATIAN - AMERICAN ENGLISH
49. Sociolinguistic conditions for maintenance of a dialect: The case of the Konavle dialect in Watsonville, California 465
50. L. ITALIAN - AMERICAN ENGLISH
51. Language contact among North-American people of Italian origin 479
52. Emigration from Southern Italy to the United States: Bilingualism and its linguistic effects on local dialects 503
53. III. AFRICAN-EUROPEAN - AMERICAN CONTACTS
54. A West African Creole language in an Atlantic perspective: the origins and present state of Krio 527
55. Index 543
56. Authors’ addresses 551