1.1. Vaccines as Evolutionary Tools: The Virulence-Antigen Strategy

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. Preface v
3. Bicentennial of the first vaccination by Edward Jenner vii
4. Contents ix
5. 1. The Need for New Vaccines
6. 1.1. Vaccines as Evolutionary Tools: The Virulence-Antigen Strategy 1
7. 1.2. Economic Perspectives on Vaccine Needs 27
8. 1.3. Future Immunization Strategies – Considerations from the Public Health View 71
9. 1.4. The New Pertussis Vaccines 89
10. 2. General Principles of Immunology
11. 2.1. Basic Principles of Immunity Against Intracellular Bacteria and Protozoa 117
12. 2.2. Viral Immunity and Vaccine Strategies 141
13. 2.3. Broadly Reactive HLA Restricted Τ Cell Epitopes and Their Implications for Vaccine Design 169
14. 2.4. Quantitative Considerations in the Design of Vaccination Strategies Against Pathogens Uniquely Susceptible to Cell-Mediated Attack 187
15. 2.5. The Impact of the Type 1 and Type 2 Τ Helper Cell Concept on Novel Vaccine Design with Emphasis on Protection Against Leishmania Parasites 205
16. 3. General Principles of Vaccinology
17. 3.1. Modern Adjuvants. Functional Aspects 243
18. 3.2. Biodegradable Microspheres as Vehicles for Antigens 265
19. 3.3. Peptide Based Vaccines 303
20. 3.4. Recombinant Bacteria as Vaccine Carriers of Heterologous Antigens 327
21. 3.5. Genetic Detoxification of Bacterial Toxins 361
22. 3.6. Recombinant Virus as Vaccination Carrier of Heterologous Antigens 379
23. 3.7. Naked DNA Vaccination 423
24. 3.8. Oral Vaccination, Mucosal Immunity and Oral Tolerance with Special Reference to Cholera Toxin 437
25. 4. Specific Vaccination Strategies
26. 4.1. Helicobacter pylori: Pathogenic Determinants and Strategies for Vaccine Design 459
27. 4.2. Malaria Vaccination 497
28. 4.3. Vaccination Against Schistosomiasis: Concepts and Strategies 509
29. 4.4. AIDS Vaccination 533
30. 4.5. Vaccination Therapy Against Autoimmune Diseases 559
31. Contributors 573
32. Index 579