Anencephalus and spina bifida in Germany, the risk of recurrence

Kapitel in diesem Buch

1. Frontmatter I
2. Preface VII
3. Contents IX
4. I. Pathology and morbidity of neural tube defects
5. Spina bifida – a vanishing nightmare? 3
6. Comparative aspects of dysraphic malformations in domestic animals 13
7. The embryology and pathology of dysraphias 17
8. Neural tube defects: Experimental findings and concepts of pathogenesis 21
9. Occlusion of the Lumen of the neural tube, and its role in the early morphogenesis of the brain 29
10. The Corpus callosum, an evolutionary and developmentally late crossing midline structure, malformations and functional aspects 47
11. Diprosopus with craniorachischisis totalis (Case report) 55
12. "Hindbrain upside-down" in occipital encephalocele – an alternative to the syndrome of Padget and Lindenberg 61
13. Ocular dysraphics 67
14. Neuropathological aspects of the syringomyelic complex 73
15. Brain cysts and dysraphism 81
16. Pathogenesis and clinical aspects of congenital arachnoid cysts of the Sylvian fissure in childhood 89
17. II. Epidemiology, antenatal diagnostics and prevention of dysraphias
18. The distribution of anencephalus and spina bifida in Germany 101
19. Primary prevention of neural tube defects by dietary improvement and folic acid supplementation 107
20. Periconceptional vitamin prophylaxe – ethical and other problems 119
21. Anencephalus and spina bifida in Germany, the risk of recurrence 127
22. Relevance of biochemical parameters in the prenatal diagnosis of dysraphic malformations 131
23. Ultrasound in the prenatal diagnosis of dysraphic malformations of the head 143
24. Diagnostic ultrasound in children with meningomyelocele-hydrocephalus and Arnold-Chiari-malformation 149
25. Prenatal diagnosis of neural tube defects by ultrasound 159
26. Midtrimester prenatal diagnosis of neural tube defects following amniocentesis and selective termination of pregnancy in South Wales 1973-1983 165
27. Termination of pregnancy for fetal malformation 179
28. Importance of computer-assisted cisternography and myelography for surgical treatment of cranial and spinal dysraphic malformations 187
29. III. Surgical treatment of spinal dysraphias – technique and results
30. Methods and results of the neurosurgical treatment of spinal dysraphias 195
31. Selective treatment in spina bifida cystica 205
32. Complications in plastic surgical treatment of spinal dysraphias 211
33. Lumbo-sacral lipoma in spina bifida occulta. Clinical and radiological features and operation results 215
34. Encephaloceles – their location, morphology and surgical treatment 225
35. Diagnosis and treatment of the tethered spinai cord syndrome 233
36. The operative treatment of spinal deformities in cases of meningomyelocele 237
37. IV. Interdisciplinary problems of spinal dysraphias
38. Incidence of spina bifida occulta and its importance in orthopaedic diseases 249
39. The indication for operative improvement of lower limb function in children with myelomeningocele 257
40. New methods of treating lumbar kyphosis, hip instability and dislocation in spina bifida patients 263
41. Neuro-urological findings in dysgenesis of the sacrum 271
42. The artificial sphincters, their role in the treatment of urinary incontinence caused by meningomyelocele (MMC) 275
43. Assessment of intelligence of school-aged children with spina bifida under hospital supervision 283
44. Developmental problems in children and adolescents with spina bifida (educational and psychological support) 293
45. Psychological and educational aspects of spina bifida (from babyhood to adulthood) 299
46. V. Summary of the present state of diagnostics and treatment of dysraphic malformations
47. Summary and overview 307
48. List of contributors 313
49. Author's index 316
50. Subject index 317