Biochemistry Of Aphid Symbionts

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter I
2. Preface V
3. Greetings of the eberhard-karls-university tuebingen IX
4. Address of welcome XI
5. Contents XVII
6. Part I. Coevolution Of Genome And Virus
7. Coevolution Of Proteins And Nucleic Acids 3
8. Genetic Symbionts And The Origin Of Split Genes And Linear Chromosomes 29
9. Viroids: Their Structure And Possible Origin 47
10. Primary And Secondary Structures Of The tRNA-Like Regions Of The Genomes Of Plant RNA Viruses 57
11. Strategies Utilized By Papovaviruses To Modify The Genome Of Host Cells 69
12. The Early SV 40 Genome Region And Cell Transformation 83
13. Part II: Coevolution Of Genome And Plasmone
14. 2.1. Plasts And The Serial Endocytobiosis Hypothesis (= Seh)
15. Thesis
16. Structure And Evolution Of Organelle DNAS 87
17. General Organization Of The Eucyte And Its Bearings On Cytosymbiosis And Cell Evolution 101
18. Formal Analysis Of Development Of The Eukaryotic Cell 121
19. Antithesis
20. The Locked Cell Hypothesis. Origin Of Intracellular Organelles 129
21. 2.2. Chloroplast
22. Phylogeny Of Chloroplast DNA: A Recombination Hypothesis On The Evolutionary Organization Of This Organelle DNA Through Endosymbiosis 147
23. Structure And Function Of Plastid DNA From Several Dicotyledons 159
24. Nuclear-Chloroplast Interactions In Chloroplast Development 161
25. Photocontrol Of Expression Of Nuclear Genes For Chloroplast Proteins 173
26. Cooperation Of Cytoplasmic And Plastidial Translation In Formation Of The Photosynthetic Apparatus 175
27. Aldolase And Glucosephosphate Isomerase Isoenzymes From Plant Cells: An Immunochemical Comparison 179
28. Evolution Of Chloroplast Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase 187
29. An Endocytobiological Perspective: Separate Protein Families of Chloroplast and Cytoplasmic Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase in Greening Euglena gracilis 195
30. 2.3. Mitochondrion
31. The Origin And The Evolution Of Cellular Organelles 199
32. The Evolution Of Mammalian Mitochondrial Genomes: A Stochastic Model For Determining Evolutionary Distances Between Homologous Genes 211
33. Interactions Between Nuclear And Mitochondrial Genomes In The Yeast, Saccharomyces Cerevisiae 219
34. Mitochondrial Genome Divergence In The Petite Negative Yeast Schizosaccharomyces 229
35. The Mitochondrial Genome In Oenothera Berteriana: A Unique Genetic Code And Exchange Of Genetic Information Between Plastids And Mitochondria In Higher Plants 241
36. Variation In Animal Mitochondrial Genes And Gene Products 247
37. The Isolation And Characterization Of The Cytoplasmic DNA And The Storage Of Mitochondria In The Yolk Granules Of Artemia And Drosophila Early Embryos 263
38. Endosymbiotic Origin Of The Mitochondrial Envelope 265
39. Structural Interactions Of Mitochondria In Situ 281
40. Bypass Respiration: Biological Significance And Evolutionary Implications 291
41. 2.4. Relation To Carcinogenesis (Mammal, Plant)
42. Mitochondrially-Regulated Cell Surface Changes In Carcinogenesis 303
43. 2.5. Relations To The Circadian Clock And Cell Differentiation
44. Cell Division Cycles And Circadian Oscillators In Euglena 309
45. Spatial And Temporal Organization Of Acetabularia: Combinatorial Conditions For Morphogenesis 329
46. Metabolic And Developmental Adaptation Of Eukaryotic Cells As Related To Endogenous And Exogenous Control Of Translocators Between Subcellular Compartments 341
47. Polarity, Gradients, And Cleavage Patterns In Animal Egg Cells 353
48. Is Insect Egg Cell Polarity Caused By A Possible Cooperation Between Ooplasmic Fermentation And Mitochondrial Respiration? 357
49. Part III. Coevolution Of Host And Endocytobiont Genome
50. Contents 360
51. Part IV. Intracellular Ecosystems
52. 4.1. Introduction: The Endocytobiotic Cell Hypothesis
53. Endocytobiosis As An Intracellular Ecosystem 363
54. 4.2. Unicellular Eukaryotes As Hosts
55. 4.2.1. Amoeba
56. Pelomyxa Palustris 413
57. Modulation Of Induced Pinocytosis In Amoeba Protfus 427
58. 4.2.2. Flagellata
59. 4.2.2.1. Cyanophora
60. The Cyanelle Genome From Cyanophora Paradoxa 433
61. The Genes For The Two Subunits Of Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase In Cyanophora Paradoxa 449
62. On The Biosynthesis Of Photosynthetic Pigments In Cyanophora Paradoxa 451
63. Chloroplast-Like Thylakoid Development In The Endocyanelle Cyanocyta Korschikoffiana In Synchronized Cyanophora Paradoxa 465
64. The Mutual Relationship Between Cyanophora Paradoxa And Its Cyanelles 471
65. 4.2.2.2. Euglena
66. Intracellular Bacteria In The Euglenophyceae: Prolonged Axenic Culture Of An Algal - Bacterial System 475
67. 4.2.3. Foraminifera
68. Experimental Studies Of Symbiont Persistence In Amphtstegtna Lessoni, A Diatom-Bearing Species Of Larger Formainifera From The Red Sea 487
69. Fine Structural Analysis Of Two Foraminifera With Sequestered Chloroplasts 515
70. 4.2.4. Ciliata
71. Types Of Endonuclear Symbiosis In Ciliates 517
72. Infection In Paramecium Bursaria As An Inductive Process 523
73. The Regulation Of The Endosymbiotic Algal Population Size In Ciliate-Algae Associations. An Ecological Model 533
74. Photobehavior Of Ciliate-Algae Associations: An Indicator For Symbiosis Formation? 545
75. Nitrogen Metabolism Of The Green Paramecium Bursaria Endosymbiosis 553
76. Cell-To-Cell Recognition In Green Paramecium Bursaria: The Role Of Algal Surface Structures 554
77. Perialgal And Digestive Vacuoles In Paramecium Bursaria: A Comparative Freeze-Fracture Study 555
78. 4.3. Multicellular Eukaryotes As Hosts
79. 4.3.1. Plantae
80. 4.3.1.1. Plants And Rhizobium
81. Genetics Of The Rhizobium Meliloti/Medicago Sativa Symbiosis 557
82. Expression Of Nodule-Specific Genes In Both Partners In The Rhizobium Legume Symbiosis 573
83. Hybrid Plasmid R68.45 Harboring Nod Gene/S/ Of Rhizobium 583
84. Glycine Max Root Response To Symbiotic Infection 585
85. 4.3.1.2. Plants And Agrobacterium
86. Cytological Interaction Of Agrobacterium Tumefaciens With Plant Cells On Storage Tissue Discs 587
87. Crown Gall: Genetic Colonization As An Infectious Mechanism 593
88. 4.3.1.3. Plants And Mycorrhizal Fungi
89. Bacterium-Like Organelles In V.A. Mycorrhizal Fungi 595
90. Ecological Endosymbiosis: A Study Of The Interactions Between Alder And Poplar Trees Mediated By Mycorrhizal Fungi 605
91. 4.3.1.4. Artificial Symbiosis
92. Induced In Vitro Symbiosis Using Algae And Callus Of Daucus Carota On Medium Deficient In Nitrogen 613
93. Relationship Of Symbiosis Between Unicellular Green Algae And Nitrogen Fixation Bacteria 623
94. 4.3.2.2. Coelenterata
95. The Cost Of Symbionts To Their Host In Green Hydra 631
96. Carbon Budgets In Symbiotic Associations 649
97. Carbon Dioxide Fixation In Symbiodinium Microadriaticum: Problems With Mechanisms And Pathways 659
98. Infection Of Coelenterate Hosts With The Symbiotic Dinoflagellate Symbiodinium Microadriaticum 675
99. Morphogenic And Stimulating Effects Of Zoochlorellae In Regenerating Hydra Viridis 683
100. Mineralization In Symbiotic Systems 689
101. Coral Calcification : Light And Dark Reactions (A) (Suppl.) 697
102. 4.3.2.2. Annelida, Mollusca, Pogonophora
103. Chemoautotrophic Bacteria In Marine Invertebrates From Sulfide-Rich Habitats: A New Symbiosis 699
104. 4.3.2.3. Synopsis
105. Host Release Factors In Symbioses Between Algae And Invertebrates 709
106. 4.3.3. Insecta
107. Genetic Control Of Symbiotes By The Host In The Insect Sitophilus Oryzae L. (Coleoptera Curculionidae) 727
108. Differential Vitamin Requirements Of Symbiotic And Aposymbiotic Weevils, Sitophilus Oryzae 733
109. Symbiotes Of Dacus Cucurbitae And Their In Vitro Physiology 739
110. Intracellular Symbiotes Of Lipaphis Erysimi ( Kalt.) 751
111. Biochemistry Of Aphid Symbionts 759
112. Degeneration Processes In Leafhopper Embryonic Mycetome 771
113. Ultrastructure Relationships Of Intracellular Bacteria - Like Microorganisms During Embryogenesis Of Ornithodorus Moubata Murray (Ixodoidea: Argasidae) 775
114. Bacteria Associated With The Screwworm Fly [Cochliomyia Hominivorax (Coquerel)] And Their Metabolites 791
115. Chitinolytic Activity: A Prelude To A Symbiotic Relationship Between Bacteria And The Screwworm Fly? 801
116. 4.3.4. Mammalia
117. Bacterial Episomes And Autoimmune Disease 813
118. 4.4. Synopsis
119. Ecological Aspects Of Intracellular Symbiosis 827
120. Part V. Phylogeny And Systematics Of Host And Endocytobionts (Organelles)
121. 5.1. Biochemistry
122. Sequence Evidence For The Symbiotic Origins Of Chloroplasts And Mitochondria 845
123. Phylogenetic And Endosymbiotic Implications Of The Amino Acid Sequences Of 32 Plant Type Ferredoxins 863
124. The Endosymbiotic Origin Of Organelles: Compelling Support From Ribosomal RNA Sequence Data 871
125. Structural And Functional Studies On Eukaryotic, Eubacterial, Archaebacterial And Organelle Ribosomal 5S Rnas And Organelle Ribosomal 4.5 Rnas 881
126. Phylogeny Of The Archaebacteria And Eukaryotes: Homology Of The Dna-Dependent Rna Polymerases 895
127. Evolution Of Two Types Of Photosynthetic Reaction Centers 913
128. A Phylogenetic Analysis Of Prochloron 921
129. Aspects Of Comparative Biochemistry Of Cyanobacteria In Relation To Their Taxonomy And Endosymbiosis 933
130. Auto- Or Exogenous Origin Of Transitional Algae: An Appraisal 947
131. Cyanidium Caldarium: Rhodophyte, Cyanome Or Transitional Species? 963
132. In Vitro Synthesis Of Cyanelle And Rhodoplast Proteins 971
133. 5.2. Morphology
134. Phylogeny And Organization Of Chloroplast Envelopes 979
135. The Cryptomonad Nucleomorph: Is It The Vestigial Nucleus Of A Eukaryotic Endosymbiont? 987
136. Phylogeny Of Bacterial And Cyanobacterial Symbionts In Marine Sponges 993
137. Evolution Of Green Algae In Relation To Endosymbiosis 1003
138. Possible Free-Living Symbiodinium Microadriaticum (Dinophyceae) In Tide Pools In Southern Thailand 1009
139. A Re-Examination Of The Relationship Between Unicellular Host And Eucaryotic Endosymbiont With Special Reference To Glenodinium Foliaceum Dinophyceae 1015
140. A 6-Klngdom Classification And A Unified Phylogeny 1027
141. Appendix 1035
142. Backmatter 1072