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»Was wirst Du machen, wirklich Teneriffa?«

Die Polemik aus der Sicht der experimentellen Psychologie. Oder: Robert Musil und die Affen
  • Gunther Martens
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Band 36 2019/2020
This chapter is in the book Band 36 2019/2020

Abstract

So far Musil’s interest in Darwin has not been at the forefront of critical attention. This contribution aims to show that Musil was closely acquainted with the animal experiments of his former colleagues and with the underlying methodological questions of principle. Musil’s settling of accounts with popular Darwinism as a kind of inverse idealism was scathing and satirical, yet animal psychology continued to inform both his literary writings and his view of political events.Wolfgang Köhler’s attempt to provide an empirical foundation for Gestalt psychology met with fierce opposition and even ridicule. Musil responded to the animal experiments of his former fellow students in ways that have not been explored so far. At the centre of this contribution is a reinterpretation of DieAffeninsel, which is read, against the grain of the author’s later cue, as a revenge phantasy and against the backdrop of the Methodenstreit between Gestalt psychology and behaviorism. This debate had a deeper influence on Musil than Ernst Mach with his loosely Darwinian concept of »cognitive economy«, and a more lasting one as well, informing even texts as late as Musil’s lecture Über die Dummheit and his sketches for a satirical sci-fi novel. This contribution shows that Musil was to some extent forced to backpedal on his own scepticism towards human ethology later in life, when mass democracies abolished themselves under the pressure of habit-forming communication techniques straight out of the behaviorist textbook.

Abstract

So far Musil’s interest in Darwin has not been at the forefront of critical attention. This contribution aims to show that Musil was closely acquainted with the animal experiments of his former colleagues and with the underlying methodological questions of principle. Musil’s settling of accounts with popular Darwinism as a kind of inverse idealism was scathing and satirical, yet animal psychology continued to inform both his literary writings and his view of political events.Wolfgang Köhler’s attempt to provide an empirical foundation for Gestalt psychology met with fierce opposition and even ridicule. Musil responded to the animal experiments of his former fellow students in ways that have not been explored so far. At the centre of this contribution is a reinterpretation of DieAffeninsel, which is read, against the grain of the author’s later cue, as a revenge phantasy and against the backdrop of the Methodenstreit between Gestalt psychology and behaviorism. This debate had a deeper influence on Musil than Ernst Mach with his loosely Darwinian concept of »cognitive economy«, and a more lasting one as well, informing even texts as late as Musil’s lecture Über die Dummheit and his sketches for a satirical sci-fi novel. This contribution shows that Musil was to some extent forced to backpedal on his own scepticism towards human ethology later in life, when mass democracies abolished themselves under the pressure of habit-forming communication techniques straight out of the behaviorist textbook.

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Editorial V
  3. Inhalt VII
  4. Themenschwerpunkt: »Literatur und Polemik in der klassischen Moderne: Robert Musil und Zeitgenossen«
  5. Einleitung 1
  6. »Schwert und Feder« 14
  7. Der Schnitt gegen den Feind 38
  8. »Von einer blutgierigen Fackel versengt« 56
  9. Von der Polemik zur Meta-Polemik 72
  10. Die Amsel oder Robert Musils Novellenpoetik als Gattungspolemik 90
  11. Häuserkampf 110
  12. »Was wirst Du machen, wirklich Teneriffa?« 136
  13. Der »mitteleuropäische geflügelte Zwergchinese« als anthropologische Rarität 166
  14. »Rettung der Polemik«? 204
  15. Karl Kraus’ polemische Praktiken in der Ersten Republik 227
  16. Abhandlungen
  17. Karl Kraus und Frankreich 243
  18. Schauplatz der Konfrontation: Karl Kraus’ Schreibtisch im Kriegskontext 259
  19. »Urlaub vom Leben« 289
  20. Miszelle
  21. Frau mit Eigenschaften 305
  22. Internationale Robert-Musil-Gesellschaft
  23. Nachruf auf Philippe Jaccottet (1925–2021) 309
  24. Nachruf auf Jacques Bouveresse (1940–2021) 312
  25. Rezensionen
  26. Jorge Estrada: Experiencing Ethics with Sterne and Musil 317
  27. Bernadette Appel: Robert Musil und Amos Gitaï 319
  28. Mariaelisa Dimino, Elmar Locher, Massimo Salgaro (Hg.): Oberleutnant Robert Musil als Redakteur 323
  29. Anja Gerigk: Kulturromane 327
  30. Ludwig Laher: Wo nur die Wiege stand 330
  31. Julia Maas: Dinge, Sachen, Gegenstände 333
  32. Marjorie Perloff: Ironie am Abgrund 337
  33. Mareike Schildmann: Poetik der Kindheit 341
  34. Bastian Strinz: Robert Walsers Prosastücke im Lichte Friedrich Nietzsches 345
  35. Miriam Annabelle Wray: Ornament und Mode bei Kafka, Broch und Musil 350
  36. Andreas Blödorn, Christof Hamann, Christoph Jürgensen (Hg.): Erzählte Moderne 354
  37. Matthias Bock: Figurationen des Augenblicks 359
  38. Vera Kaulbarsch: Untotenstädte 363
  39. Paul Keckeis: Robert Walsers Gattungen 366
  40. Stefan Keppler-Tasaki: Alfred Döblin 370
  41. Uta Klein: Liebe als Folgeproblem von Individualität in der Literatur um 1900 373
  42. Norbert Christian Wolf: Revolution in Wien 378
  43. Benedikt Wolf: Penetrierte Männlichkeit/Sebastian Zilles: Die Schulen der Männlichkeit 382
  44. Niklas Bender: Die lachende Kunst 389
  45. Jacques Bouveresse: Le Mythe moderne du progrès 393
  46. Clemens Peck, Norbert ChristianWolf (Hg.): Poetologien des Posturalen 395
  47. Anschriften der Beiträgerinnen und Beiträger 399
  48. Siglen 403
  49. Redaktioneller Hinweis 404
  50. Register 405
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