8. Water softening using the lime-soda ash softening method

Kapitel in diesem Buch

1. Frontmatter I
2. Preface V
3. Contents VII
4. 1. Water chemistry fundamentals 1
5. 2. Acids and bases 27
6. 3. Alkalinity and acidity as tools for quantifying acid-base equilibrium and designing water and wastewater treatment processes 67
7. 4. Use of alkalinity and acidity equations for quantifying phenomena in chemical/ environmental engineering and design of water and wastewater treatment processes 101
8. 5. Equilibrium between the aqueous and gas phases and implications for water treatment processes 125
9. 6. Principles of equilibrium between the aqueous and solid phases with emphasis on precipitation and dissolution of CaCO_3(S) 145
10. 7. Computer software for calculations in the field of aquatic chemistry and water treatment processes, with an emphasis on the Stasoft4.0 program 163
11. 8. Water softening using the lime-soda ash softening method 179
12. 9. Water stabilization and remineralization 193
13. 10. Problems and solutions 213
14. References 243
15. Index 247