3. Recent advances in the application of carbohydrates as renewable feedstocks for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing compounds
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S. Iraj Sadraei
Abstract
Carbohydrates, in the form of chitin, chitosan and cellulose, are one of the most available, renewable, and sustainable chemical feedstocks. Their conversion to biofuels, fine chemicals, and industrially-relevant monomers is becoming increasingly viable and promising as innovation decreases the price of this technology, and climate change and the price of fossil fuels increases the social and economic costs of using traditional feedstocks. In recent years, carbohydrates have been increasingly used as sources for nitrogen-containing fine chemicals. This chapter, with 86 references, provides a brief overview of the conversion of carbohydrate biomass to the standard hydrocarbon and oxygen-containing derivatives, and then provides a survey of recent progress in converting the biopolymers, and the derived mono and disaccharides, into nitrogen-containing molecules with a special focus on N-heterocycle synthesis for medicinal applications.
Abstract
Carbohydrates, in the form of chitin, chitosan and cellulose, are one of the most available, renewable, and sustainable chemical feedstocks. Their conversion to biofuels, fine chemicals, and industrially-relevant monomers is becoming increasingly viable and promising as innovation decreases the price of this technology, and climate change and the price of fossil fuels increases the social and economic costs of using traditional feedstocks. In recent years, carbohydrates have been increasingly used as sources for nitrogen-containing fine chemicals. This chapter, with 86 references, provides a brief overview of the conversion of carbohydrate biomass to the standard hydrocarbon and oxygen-containing derivatives, and then provides a survey of recent progress in converting the biopolymers, and the derived mono and disaccharides, into nitrogen-containing molecules with a special focus on N-heterocycle synthesis for medicinal applications.
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- About the series V
- Preface: the continuum of green chemical education VII
- Contents XIII
- List of Contributing authors XIX
- 1. Green chemistry and the grand challenges of sustainability 1
- 2. Invasive species or sustainable water filters? A student-led laboratory investigation into locally sourced biomass-based adsorbents for sustainable water treatment 13
- 3. Recent advances in the application of carbohydrates as renewable feedstocks for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing compounds 35
- 4. The environmental fate of synthetic organic chemicals 67
- 5. Synthesis of “three-legged” tri-dentate podand ligands incorporating long-chain aliphatic moieties, for water remediators, and for isolating metal ions in non-aqueous solution 97
- 6. An introductory course in green chemistry: Progress and lessons learned 105
- 7. Introduction to cheminformatics for green chemistry education 135
- 8. Green chemistry outreach 149
- 9. The development of a bioenergy-based green chemistry curriculum for high schools 171
- 10. Green chemistry in secondary school 185
- Index 197
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- About the series V
- Preface: the continuum of green chemical education VII
- Contents XIII
- List of Contributing authors XIX
- 1. Green chemistry and the grand challenges of sustainability 1
- 2. Invasive species or sustainable water filters? A student-led laboratory investigation into locally sourced biomass-based adsorbents for sustainable water treatment 13
- 3. Recent advances in the application of carbohydrates as renewable feedstocks for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing compounds 35
- 4. The environmental fate of synthetic organic chemicals 67
- 5. Synthesis of “three-legged” tri-dentate podand ligands incorporating long-chain aliphatic moieties, for water remediators, and for isolating metal ions in non-aqueous solution 97
- 6. An introductory course in green chemistry: Progress and lessons learned 105
- 7. Introduction to cheminformatics for green chemistry education 135
- 8. Green chemistry outreach 149
- 9. The development of a bioenergy-based green chemistry curriculum for high schools 171
- 10. Green chemistry in secondary school 185
- Index 197
