The Midland

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter I
2. Table of contents VII
3. Introduction and methods
4. Introduction and methods
5. Introduction 3
6. Introduction and methods
7. The North American English vowel system 11
8. Introduction and methods
9. Principles of chain shifting and mergers 16
10. Introduction and methods
11. Sampling and field methods 21
12. Introduction and methods
13. Methods of acoustic analysis 36
14. Introduction and methods
15. The construction of isoglosses 41
16. Mergers and contrasts
17. Mergers and contrasts
18. The restoration of post-vocalic /r/ 47
19. Mergers and contrasts
20. Nearly completed mergers 49
21. Mergers and contrasts
22. North American mergers in progress 58
23. North American English vowels
24. North American English vowels
25. The vowels of North American English: Maps of natural breaks in F1 and F2 77
26. Overviews of North American dialects
27. Overviews of North American dialects
28. The dialects of North American English 119
29. Overviews of North American dialects
30. The fronting of back upgliding vowels 152
31. Overviews of North American dialects
32. The short-a and short-o configurations 169
33. Regional patterns
34. Regional patterns
35. The North 187
36. Regional patterns
37. Canada 216
38. Regional patterns
39. New England 225
40. Regional patterns
41. New York City and the Mid-Atlantic states 233
42. Regional patterns
43. The South 240
44. Regional patterns
45. The Midland 263
46. Regional patterns
47. The West 279
48. Other views of regional differences
49. Other views of regional differences
50. Lexical and grammatical maps 289
51. Other views of regional differences
52. African-Americans 297
53. Other views of regional differences
54. The findings of the Atlas of North American English: An overview 303
55. References 307
56. Index of subjects, city names, and persons 314