Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. Contents v
3. Illustrations xiii
4. Foreword xv
5. Introduction 1
6. 1. Anatomy of the Eye and How It Works
7. Eyelids 3
8. Conjunctiva 3
9. Sclera 4
10. Cornea 5
11. Iris and Ciliary Body 6
12. Pupil 6
13. Chambers 7
14. Lens 7
15. Vitreous 8
16. Retina 8
17. Retinal Pigment Epithelium and Bruch Membrane 9
18. Choroid 10
19. Optic Nerve 10
20. Orbit 11
21. Pathways from the Eye to the Brain 11
22. How the Eye Works 13
23. 2. Preventive Eye Care
24. Recommended Schedule for Eye Exams 15
25. Eye Care Specialists: Opticians, Optometrists, and Eye MDs (Ophthalmologists), and Ophthalmic Allied Health Professionals 16
26. The Eye Exam 17
27. 3. Why Do I Need Glasses?
28. Nearsightedness 20
29. Farsightedness 22
30. Astigmatism 24
31. Presbyopia 25
32. 4. Options for Correcting Vision
33. Eyeglasses 27
34. Contact Lenses 29
35. Refractive Surgery 31
36. Protective Eyewear 34
37. 5. Eyelids and Eyelashes
38. Blepharitis 36
39. Ocular Rosacea 38
40. Stye and Chalazion 39
41. Dacryocystitis: Infection of the Tear Drainage Pathway 42
42. Drooping Eyelids 44
43. Ectropion and Entropion: Everted and Inverted Eyelids 46
44. Cancers and Benign Lesions of the Eyelids 48
45. Blepharospasm 50
46. 6. Conjunctiva and Sclera
47. Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) 52
48. Subconjunctival Hemorrhage 54
49. Pingueculum and Pterygium (Surfer’s Eye) 55
50. Episcleritis 57
51. Scleritis 58
52. 7. The Cornea
53. Dry Eye Syndrome 60
54. Infectious Keratitis 62
55. Corneal Abrasion 64
56. Recurrent Corneal Erosion Syndrome 65
57. Corneal Ulcer 66
58. Keratoconus 68
59. Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy 69
60. Corneal Transplantation 71
61. 8. Lens and Cataract
62. Cataract 74
63. Cataract Surgery 76
64. Posterior Capsule Opacification (‘‘After Cataract’’) 78
65. Dislocated Lens 80
66. 9. Age-Related Macular Degeneration 82
67. 10. Diabetic Retinopathy 86
68. 11. Other Conditions of the Retina and Choroid
69. Hypertensive Retinopathy 89
70. Retinal Artery Occlusion 90
71. Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO) 92
72. Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO) 95
73. Cystoid Macular Edema 97
74. Central Serous Chorioretinopathy 99
75. Posterior Vitreous Detachment/Flashes and Floaters 100
76. Macular Hole 104
77. Epiretinal Membrane 106
78. Retinal Detachment 108
79. Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy 111
80. Retinitis Pigmentosa and Other Hereditary Retinal Degenerations 113
81. Color Blindness 116
82. Laser Treatment of Retinal Diseases 118
83. Retinal Surgery 121
84. 12. Infection and Inflammation of the Eye
85. Uveitis 125
86. Endophthalmitis 127
87. Viral Retinitis 128
88. 13. Tumors of the Eye and Orbit
89. Retinoblastoma 131
90. Intraocular Melanoma 133
91. Other Tumors of the Retina and Choroid 135
92. Tumors of the Orbit 137
93. 14. The Optic Nerve
94. Optic Neuropathy 139
95. Glaucoma 141
96. Laser Treatment of Glaucoma 144
97. Glaucoma Surgery 145
98. Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery (MIGS) 148
99. Optic Neuritis 150
100. Papilledema 151
101. 15. The Eye Muscles
102. Strabismus (Misaligned Eyes) 154
103. Amblyopia (Lazy Eye) 156
104. 16. The Orbit
105. Orbital Cellulitis 159
106. Thyroid Eye Disease 160
107. 17. Eye Injury
108. Orbital Ecchymosis (Black Eye) 163
109. Hyphema 164
110. Orbital Fracture 166
111. Open Globe 168
112. Foreign Body 170
113. Chemical Injury 171
114. Eyelid Lacerations 172
115. Ocular Prosthesis (Artificial or “Glass” Eye) 174
116. 18. Systemic Diseases That Affect Vision and the Eye
117. Diabetes Mellitus 176
118. Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) 178
119. Carotid Artery Disease (Ocular Ischemic Syndrome) 179
120. Multiple Sclerosis 182
121. Autoimmune Diseases 184
122. Migraine 186
123. Temporal (Giant Cell) Arteritis 187
124. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 189
125. Brain Tumors 190
126. Stroke and Cranial Nerve Palsies 192
127. Human Immunodeficiency Virus 194
128. 19. Cosmetic Eyelid Surgery 197
129. 20. Living with Visual Impairment
130. Impact of Living with Visual Impairment 201
131. Low Vision Aids and Strategies to Maximize Functional Vision 203
132. Retinal Prosthesis (Argus II, the “Bionic Eye”) 207
133. 21. What Tests May the Doctor Order?
134. Optical Coherence Tomography 210
135. Fundus Autofluorescence 211
136. Fluorescein Angiography 211
137. Indocyanine Green Angiography 212
138. Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A) Tomography 213
139. Specialized Tests: Electroretinography, Electrooculography, and Visual Evoked Potential 214
140. Ultrasound of the Eye 215
141. Appendix: How to Put in Eye Drops 217
142. Glossary 219
143. Contributors 229
144. Index 233