12. Problem Solving: How Cities and Governments Think

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. CONTENTS v
3. Preface vii
4. Introduction: Collective Intelligence as a Grand Challenge 1
5. Part I. What Is Collective Intelligence?
6. 1. The Paradox of a Smart World 11
7. 2 . The Nature of Collective Intelligence in Theory and Practice 14
8. Part II. Making Sense of Collective Intelligence as Choice
9. 3. The Functional Elements of Collective Intelligence 35
10. 4. The Infrastructures That Support Collective Intelligence 48
11. 5. The Organizing Principles of Collective Intelligence 60
12. 6. Learning Loops 70
13. 7. Cognitive Economics and Triggered Hierarchies 76
14. 8. The Autonomy of Intelligence 90
15. 9. The Collective in Collective Intelligence 99
16. 10. Self-Suspicion and Fighting the Enemies of Collective Intelligence 119
17. Part III. Collective Intelligence in Everyday Life
18. 11. Mind-Enhancing Meetings and Environments 131
19. 12. Problem Solving: How Cities and Governments Think 145
20. 13. Visible and Invisible Hands: Economies and Firms as Collective Intelligence 161
21. 14. The University as Collective Intelligence 174
22. 15. Democratic Assembly 181
23. 16. How Does a Society Think and Create as a System? 193
24. 17. The Rise of Knowledge Commons: It’s for Everyone 200
25. Part IV. Collective Intelligence as Expanded Possibility
26. 18. Collective Wisdom and Progress in Consciousness 217
27. AFTERWORD. The Past and Future of Collective Intelligence as a Discipline 229
28. Summary of the Argument 237
29. Notes 239
30. Index 263