Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. Contents ix
3. Introduction 1
4. Part 1. Problems of definition and measurement
5. Inventive Activity : Problems of Definition and Measurement 19
6. Some Difficulties in Measuring Inventive Activity 53
7. Part II. Theory and Macro-quantitative analysis
8. The Economics of Research and Development 93
9. The Supply of Inventors and Inventions 143
10. Does the Market Direct the Relative Factor-Saving Effects of Technological Progress? 171
11. Changes in Industry and in the State of Knowledge as Determinants of Industrial Invention 195
12. The Changing Direction of Research and Development Employment Among Firms 233
13. Locational Differences in Inventive Effort and Their Determinants 253
14. The Future of Industrial Research and Development 273
15. Part III. Case studies
16. Inventions in the Postwar American Aluminum Industry 279
17. Invention and Innovation in the Petroleum Refining Industry 299
18. The Origins of the Basic Inventions Underlying Du Pont’s Major Product and Process Innovations, 1920 to 1950 323
19. Part IV. Nonmarket factors
20. Intellect and Motive in Scientific Inventors: Implications for Supply 361
21. Organization and Research and Development Decision Making Within the Decentralized Firm 385
22. Organization and Research and Development Decision Making Within a Government Department 395
23. Some Society-Wide Research and Development Institutions 409
24. Scientific Discovery and the Rate of Invention 441
25. Part V. Efficiency in research and development
26. Predictability of the Costs, Time, and Success of Development 461
27. The Decision Making Problem in Development 477
28. Strategy and Organization in a System Development Project 509
29. The Link Between Science and Invention: The Case of the Transistor 549
30. Part VI. Welfare economics and Inventive activity
31. Inventive Activity: Government Controls and the Legal Environment 587
32. Economic Welfare and the Allocation of Resources for Invention 609
33. Subject index 627
34. Author index 632