4. The Tanzimat Era

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. Contents vii
3. List of Figures ix
4. Acknowledgments xi
5. Note on Transliteration, Place Names, and Dates xiii
6. Introduction 1
7. 1. The Ottoman Empire at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century 6
8. 2. Initial Ottoman Responses to the Challenge of Modernity 42
9. 3. The Dawn of the Age of Reform 55
10. 4. The Tanzimat Era 72
11. 5. The Twilight of the Tanzimat and the Hamidian Regime 109
12. 6. From Revolution to Imperial Collapse: The Longest Decade of the Late Ottoman Empire 150
13. Conclusion 203
14. Further Reading in Major European Languages 213
15. Bibliography 217
16. Index 231