Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. Contents v
3. Statement from the Chair, Justice Murray Sinclair vii
4. Statement from the Commissioner, Dr. Marie Wilson xi
5. Statement from the Commissioner, Chief Wilton Littlechild xiii
6. Introduction 1
7. Section 1: The historical context for Canada’s residential schools
8. 1. Colonialism in the Age of Empire 9
9. 2. The churches and their mission of conversion 25
10. 3. Residential schooling in French Canada: 1608–1763 39
11. 4. Treaty-making and betrayal: The roots of Canada’s Aboriginal policy 49
12. 5. Pre-Confederation residential schools 63
13. 6. Mission schools in the Canadian West: 1820–1880 93
14. 7. Confederation, colonization, and resistance 115
15. 8. National and international models for Canada’s residential schools 143
16. Section 2: The Canadian residential school system, 1867 to 1939
17. 9. Laying the groundwork for the residential school system 161
18. 10. Student accounts of residential school life: 1867–1939 179
19. 11. Establishing and operating the system: 1867–1939 213
20. 12. The struggle over enrolment: 1867–1939 263
21. 13. The educational record of residential schools: 1867–1939 321
22. 14. The student as labourer: 1867–1939 357
23. 15. Recreation and sports: 1867–1939 381
24. 16. The deadly toll of infectious diseases: 1867–1939 403
25. 17. Building and maintaining the schools: 1867–1939 481
26. 18. Fire, a deadly hazard: 1867–1939 493
27. 19. Food and diet at residential schools: 1867–1939 515
28. 20. School clothing: 1867–1939 539
29. 21. Discipline: 1867–1939 545
30. 22. Covering up sexual abuse: 1867–1939 605
31. 23. Student victimization of students: 1867–1939 617
32. 24. Truancy: 1867–1939 623
33. 25. Separating children from parents: 1867–1939 645
34. 26. Suppressing Aboriginal languages: 1867–1939 661
35. 27. Separating children from their traditions: 1867–1939 675
36. 28. Separating the sexes, arranging marriages, establishing colonies: 1867–1939 689
37. 29. The Lytton school: 1902–1939 709
38. 30. Parents respond and resist: 1867–1939 715
39. 31. The staff experience: 1867–1939 721
40. Notes 785
41. Bibliography 975
42. Index 1009