The Age of Reconstruction

A sweeping history of how Union victory in the American Civil War inspired democratic reforms, revolutions, and emancipation movements in Europe and the Americas

The Age of Reconstruction looks beyond post–Civil War America to tell the story of how Union victory and Lincoln’s assassination set off a dramatic international reaction that drove European empires out of the Americas, hastened the end of slavery in Latin America, and ignited a host of democratic reforms in Europe.

In this international history of Reconstruction, Don Doyle chronicles the world events inspired by the Civil War. Between 1865 and 1870, France withdrew from Mexico, Russia sold Alaska to the United States, and Britain proclaimed the new state of Canada. British workers demanded more voting rights, Spain toppled Queen Isabella II and ended slavery in its Caribbean colonies, Cubans rose against Spanish rule, France overthrew Napoleon III, and the kingdom of Pope Pius IX fell before the Italian Risorgimento. Some European liberals, including Victor Hugo and Giuseppe Mazzini, even called for a “United States of Europe.” Yet for all its achievements and optimism, this “new birth of freedom” was short-lived. By the 1890s, Reconstruction had been undone in the United States and abroad and America had become an exclusionary democracy based on white supremacy—and a very different kind of model to the world.

At home and abroad, America’s Reconstruction was, as W.E.B. Du Bois wrote, “the greatest and most important step toward world democracy of all men of all races ever taken in the modern world.” The Age of Reconstruction is a bracing history of a remarkable period when democracy, having survived the great test of the Civil War, was ascendant around the Atlantic world.

"Doyle’s broader perspective [on the Reconstruction period] allowed me to see the connections between the significance of the Union victory and an era usually treated separately – the pan-European turmoil over the rise of the mercantile and working classes, demands for democratic government, and the rise of nationalism. . . . Despite the diverse locations and peoples discussed in The Age of Reconstruction, Doyle keeps the momentum going through his engaging, nimble prose."---Ron Slate, On the Seawall

"The Age of Reconstruction is ambitious and wide-ranging and the author skilfully combines the history of ideas with that of international relations."---Leslie Jones, Quarterly Review

"A compelling new history of Reconstruction. . . . Highly recommended."

"In The Age of Reconstruction, Don Doyle, a history professor emeritus at the University of South Carolina, sets out to reveal a neglected aspect of Reconstruction—its revolutionary effects beyond America’s shores. . . . Reconstruction may have had a more lasting success abroad, as Mr. Doyle so vividly shows, by inspiring a generation of diverse and forward-looking leaders."---Fergus Bordewich, Wall Street Journal

"A Choice Outstanding Academic Title of the Year"

“With this pathbreaking transnational history of Reconstruction and its impact on the Euro-American world, Don Doyle has provided us with a much-needed sequel to The Cause of All Nations, his acclaimed international history of the U.S. Civil War. By thoroughly investigating the myriad ideological and political links between the United States and a host of democratic movements, initiatives, and ideas in Europe and the Americas, The Age of Reconstruction demonstrates that it is now impossible to think about the United States after Lincoln in isolation from the Euro-American context.”—Enrico Dal Lago, University of Galway