Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. Contents v
3. Tables and Figures vii
4. Preface and Acknowledgments xi
5. 1. Introduction 1
6. 2. Economic Growth and Human Development since 1820 22
7. 3. Institutions and the Ottoman Past 55
8. 4. Reforms and Deficits: Ottoman Response to European Challenges 90
9. 5. Opening to Foreign Trade and Investment 112
10. 6. Economic Development and Institutional Change, 1820–1914 134
11. 7. From Empire to Nation- State 156
12. 8. Economic Development and Institutional Change, 1914–1950 184
13. 9. Inward- Oriented Development after World War II 204
14. 10. Economic Development and Institutional Change, 1950–1980 222
15. 11. Neoliberal Policies and Globalization 245
16. 12. Economic Development and Institutional Change, 1980–2015 275
17. 13. Conclusion 303
18. References 319
19. Index 341