Simulation-Based Evaluation of Port Emergency Evacuation Plans for Predictable Natural Disasters
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Xiuli Qu
Abstract
Effective port emergency evacuation could reduce the potential damages and losses caused by a predictive natural disaster. Thus, most U.S. ports have evacuation plans or guidelines established for predictive natural disasters, especially hurricanes. However, hurricane Katrina still revealed that these existing emergency evacuation plans may not be as effective as originally expected. The objective of this study is to provide a quantitative approach to evaluating the effectiveness of port emergency evacuation plans for hurricanes. A discrete-event simulation model is developed in this study to capture the dynamic evacuation process in a complex port environment when a hurricane approaches a port. Using this simulation model, an experimental study is conducted to compare the effectiveness of 80 port hurricane evacuation plans in the two public container terminals within the Port of Houston (POH). These 80 plans include the current POH hurricane evacuation plan and 79 variants of this plan. The simulation results indicate that an effective port hurricane evacuation plan should require prohibiting inbound and outbound traffic when the hurricane is forecast to be 12 hours away from landfall, and consistently securing port facilities, equipment and containers during the entire evacuation process.
©2012 Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston
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- Cybersecurity Policy-Making at the Local Government Level: An Analysis of Threats, Preparedness, and Bureaucratic Roadblocks to Success
- Between Safety and Security: The Policy Challenges of Transporting Toxic Inhalation Hazards
- Simulation-Based Evaluation of Port Emergency Evacuation Plans for Predictable Natural Disasters
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- The Cross-National Adaptability of EMS Protocols for Mass Casualty Incidents
- Graph Matching Based Decision Support Tools For Mitigating Spread Of Infectious Diseases Like H1N1
- Comparison of Sampling Methods for Post-Hurricane Damage Survey
- Crisis Leadership and Military Community Resilience
- The Status of General Aviation Airports in Disaster Response Planning
- Examining Factors Contributing to the Development of FEMA-Approved Hazard Mitigation Plans
- Communication/News
- Creating An Executive Doctorate In Civil Security In The United States
- A Practitioner-Researcher Partnership to Develop and Deliver Operational Value of Threat, Risk and Vulnerability Assessment Training to meet the Requirements of Emergency Responders
- Opinion
- Medical Response Capabilities to a Catastrophic Disaster: "House" or House of Cards?
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