4. The Art of War and the Arthashastra: How China and India Took an Early Lead over Greece and Rome

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. Contents vii
3. List of Illustrations ix
4. Introduction: The Lost History of Global Intelligence 1
5. 1. In the Beginning: Spies of the Bible and Ancient Egypt from Moses to the Last Supper 13
6. 2. Intelligence Operations in Ancient Greece: Myth and Reality from Odysseus to Alexander the Great 27
7. 3. Intelligence and Divination in the Roman Republic 40
8. 4. The Art of War and the Arthashastra: How China and India Took an Early Lead over Greece and Rome 54
9. 5. The Roman Empire and the Untermenschen 70
10. 6. Muhammad and the Rise of Islamic Intelligence 86
11. 7. Inquisitions and Counter- Subversion 100
12. 8. Renaissance Venice and the Rise of Western Intelligence 118
13. 9. Ivan the Terrible and the Origins of Russian State Security 141
14. 10. Elizabeth I, Walsingham and the Rise of English Intelligence 158
15. 11. The Decline of Early Stuart and Spanish Intelligence, and the Rise of the French Cabinet Noir 191
16. 12. Intelligence and Regime Change in Britain: From the Civil War to the Popish Plot 214
17. 13. Intelligence in the Era of the Sun King 242
18. 14. Codebreakers and Spies in Ancien Régime Europe: From the Hanoverian Succession to the Seven Years War 269
19. 15. Intelligence and American Independence 292
20. 16. The French Revolution and the Revolutionary Wars 312
21. 17. The Napoleonic Wars 339
22. 18. Intelligence and Counter- Revolution. Part I: From the Congress of Vienna to the 1848 Revolutions 363
23. 19. Intelligence and Counter- Revolution. Part II: From 1848 to the Death of Karl Marx 386
24. 20. The Telegraph, Mid-Century Wars and the ‘Great Game’ 402
25. 21. ‘The Golden Age of Assassination’: Anarchists, Revolutionaries and the Black Hand, 1880– 1914 425
26. 22. The Great Powers and Foreign Intelligence, 1890– 1909 449
27. 23. Intelligence and the Coming of the First World War 472
28. 24. The First World War. Part I: From the Outbreak of War to the Zimmermann Telegram 497
29. 25. The First World War. Part 2: From American Intervention to Allied Victory 543
30. 26. SIGINT and HUMINT between the Wars 573
31. 27. The ‘Big Three’ and Second World War Intelligence 603
32. 28. Intelligence and the Victory of the Grand Alliance 637
33. 29. The Cold War and the Intelligence Superpowers 669
34. 30. ‘Holy Terror’: From the Cold War to 9/11 701
35. Conclusion: Twenty- First- Century Intelligence in Long- Term Perspective 731
36. Bibliography 761
37. Abbreviations Used in the Notes and References 819
38. Notes 821
39. Acknowledgements 876
40. Index 879