Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus

Arthur Tsutsiev

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Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus

Arthur Tsutsiev
Translated by: Nora Seligman Favorov

Language: English

Published/Copyright: 2014

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About this book

The Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus is a magnificent collection of fifty-six original maps with commentaries that detail the ethnic, religious, and linguistic makeup of the Caucasus—the region located between the Black and Caspian Seas that contains Europe’s highest mountain—from the eighteenth century to the present. The highly detailed maps and text untangle the exceptionally complicated history of this area, poised between Europe and Asia, which has been marked by ethnic conflicts and changing political borders. The Atlas illuminates the conflicting historical visions of homelands and borders, and provides a comprehensive reference tool for scholars, geographers, and historians.

Author / Editor information

Arthur Tsutsiev is the senior researcher at the Center for Social Studies at the Vladikavkaz Institute of Management. He lives in Vladikavkaz, Russia.

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Geosciences Cartography and Photogrammetry

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Frontmatter
i

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Contents
vii

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Foreword
xi
Georgi Derluguian

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Introduction
xiii

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Guide to the Maps
xv

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1. The Caucasus: Historical and Geographic Areas and Contemporary Borders
1
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2. 1722–1739: The Imperial Rivalry over the Caucasus Borderlands
4
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3. 1763–1785: The Caucasus around the Time of the Russian Conquests
4
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4. 1774–1783: Ethnolinguistic Map of the Greater Caucasus
8
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5. 1791–1801: The Caucasus Defensive Line from Kizlyar to Taman
13
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6. 1801–1829: Russia’s Acquisition of Transcaucasia and the War in the Greater Caucasus
13
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7. 1829–1839: Administrative Makeup of the Early Russian Caucasus
18
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8. 1840–1849: Escalation of the Caucasus War and (Re-)Establishment of the Viceroyalty
18
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9. 1856–1859: Before the Final Storming of the “Caucasus Fortress,”
23
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10. 1860–1864: The End of the War and the Formation of Kuban, Terek, and Daghestan Provinces
23
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11. 1865–1870: Military-Native Government in Highlander Territories
28
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12. 1867–1886: The Ethnolinguistic and Administrative Composition of Daghestan
28
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13. 1871–1881: The Trend toward Civilian Government in the North Caucasus
33
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14. 1881–1888: The Caucasian Periphery of the Emerging Russian Nation
36
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15. 1763–1913: 150 Years of Russian Colonization
39
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16. 1913: The Terek Cossack Host
39
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17. 1763–1918: 155 Years of Non-Russian Colonization
45
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18. 1886–1890: An Ethnolinguistic Map of the Caucasus
48
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19. 1886–1890: A Religious Map of the Caucasus
51
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20. 1913: Land and Ethnicity in Terek Province
55
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21. 1903–1917: Administrative Divisions before the Collapse of the Empire
58
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22. October 1917–May 1918: The Beginning of the Civil War and Foreign Intervention
61
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23. May–November 1918: The Emergence of Independent States in Transcaucasia
61
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24. December 1918–November 1919: Denikin’s Dominance in the North Caucasus
61
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25. 1917–1919: The Gorskaya Republic, a Failed Attempt at Independence
67
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26. 1920: The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and Soviet Russia
71
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27. 1920: Partition of the Republic of Armenia
74
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28. 1921: The End of the Georgian Democratic Republic
77
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29. 1921: Early Administrative Divisions in the Soviet Caucasus
80
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30. 1922–1928: Building a Soviet State out of Multitude of Nations
83
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31. 1926: An Ethnic Map Reflecting the First Soviet Census
87
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32. 1926: Using the Census to Identify Russians and Ukrainians
87
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33. 1929–1934: The Rise and Fall of the “National Principle” in Administrative Divisions
91
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34. 1936–1938: The Constitutional Codification of a Hierarchy among Peoples and Territories
91
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35. 1937–1949: World War II and Ethnic Deportations from the Caucasus
96
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36. 1943–1956: A Selective Purge of the Ethnopolitical Map
96
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37. 1957: The Return of the Deported Peoples and the Restoration of Their Autonomies
101
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38. 1957–1990: Stability and Conflict under “Developed Socialism,”
104
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39. 1989–1991: Overview of the Ethnopolitical Rivalries at the Conclusion of the Soviet Era
107
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40. 1991–2003: The Dissolution of the Soviet Union and the Escalation of Armed Conflict in the Caucasus
107
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41. 1988–1994: Mountain (Nagorny) Karabakh
114
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42. 1991–1992: South and North Ossetia
117
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43. 1992–1993: Abkhazia
117
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44. 1994–2003: Chechnya and Daghestan
124
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45. 1989–2010: An Ethnic Map of the Caucasus
127
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46. 2012: Major Roads and Transportation Corridors
131
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47. 2012: Primary Petroleum Transportation Routes
131
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48–56. Conflicting Historical Visions of Homelands and Borders
136
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57. 2014: The Political and Administrative Map of the Caucasus
148
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Appendix 1: The Area and Population of Administrative Units and States of the Caucasus Region
151
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Appendix 2: Major Cities in the Caucasus
176
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Appendix 3: Ethnic Composition of the Caucasus: Historical Population Statistics
178
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Appendix 4: Administrative Units of the Russian Empire and the USSR
195
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List of Sources
205

Publishing information

Pages and Images/Illustrations in book

eBook published on:

June 10, 2014

eBook ISBN:

9780300160109

Pages and Images/Illustrations in book

Main content:

240

https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300160109

eBook ISBN: 9780300160109

Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus

Overview

About this book

Author / Editor information

Topics

Table of contents

Frontmatter

Contents

Foreword

Introduction

Guide to the Maps

1. The Caucasus: Historical and Geographic Areas and Contemporary Borders

2. 1722–1739: The Imperial Rivalry over the Caucasus Borderlands

3. 1763–1785: The Caucasus around the Time of the Russian Conquests

4. 1774–1783: Ethnolinguistic Map of the Greater Caucasus

5. 1791–1801: The Caucasus Defensive Line from Kizlyar to Taman

6. 1801–1829: Russia’s Acquisition of Transcaucasia and the War in the Greater Caucasus

7. 1829–1839: Administrative Makeup of the Early Russian Caucasus

8. 1840–1849: Escalation of the Caucasus War and (Re-)Establishment of the Viceroyalty

9. 1856–1859: Before the Final Storming of the “Caucasus Fortress,”

10. 1860–1864: The End of the War and the Formation of Kuban, Terek, and Daghestan Provinces

11. 1865–1870: Military-Native Government in Highlander Territories

12. 1867–1886: The Ethnolinguistic and Administrative Composition of Daghestan

13. 1871–1881: The Trend toward Civilian Government in the North Caucasus

14. 1881–1888: The Caucasian Periphery of the Emerging Russian Nation

15. 1763–1913: 150 Years of Russian Colonization

16. 1913: The Terek Cossack Host

17. 1763–1918: 155 Years of Non-Russian Colonization

18. 1886–1890: An Ethnolinguistic Map of the Caucasus

19. 1886–1890: A Religious Map of the Caucasus

20. 1913: Land and Ethnicity in Terek Province

21. 1903–1917: Administrative Divisions before the Collapse of the Empire

22. October 1917–May 1918: The Beginning of the Civil War and Foreign Intervention

23. May–November 1918: The Emergence of Independent States in Transcaucasia

24. December 1918–November 1919: Denikin’s Dominance in the North Caucasus

25. 1917–1919: The Gorskaya Republic, a Failed Attempt at Independence

26. 1920: The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and Soviet Russia

27. 1920: Partition of the Republic of Armenia

28. 1921: The End of the Georgian Democratic Republic

29. 1921: Early Administrative Divisions in the Soviet Caucasus

30. 1922–1928: Building a Soviet State out of Multitude of Nations

31. 1926: An Ethnic Map Reflecting the First Soviet Census

32. 1926: Using the Census to Identify Russians and Ukrainians

33. 1929–1934: The Rise and Fall of the “National Principle” in Administrative Divisions

34. 1936–1938: The Constitutional Codification of a Hierarchy among Peoples and Territories

35. 1937–1949: World War II and Ethnic Deportations from the Caucasus

36. 1943–1956: A Selective Purge of the Ethnopolitical Map

37. 1957: The Return of the Deported Peoples and the Restoration of Their Autonomies

38. 1957–1990: Stability and Conflict under “Developed Socialism,”

39. 1989–1991: Overview of the Ethnopolitical Rivalries at the Conclusion of the Soviet Era

40. 1991–2003: The Dissolution of the Soviet Union and the Escalation of Armed Conflict in the Caucasus

41. 1988–1994: Mountain (Nagorny) Karabakh

42. 1991–1992: South and North Ossetia

43. 1992–1993: Abkhazia

44. 1994–2003: Chechnya and Daghestan

45. 1989–2010: An Ethnic Map of the Caucasus

46. 2012: Major Roads and Transportation Corridors

47. 2012: Primary Petroleum Transportation Routes

48–56. Conflicting Historical Visions of Homelands and Borders

57. 2014: The Political and Administrative Map of the Caucasus

Appendix 1: The Area and Population of Administrative Units and States of the Caucasus Region

Appendix 2: Major Cities in the Caucasus

Appendix 3: Ethnic Composition of the Caucasus: Historical Population Statistics

Appendix 4: Administrative Units of the Russian Empire and the USSR

List of Sources

Bibliographic data