The book examines similarities and differences between Chinese and English from structural, functional, and typological perspectives. The linguistic comparison undertaken covers various aspects of the two languages, including, for example, typological features, the phonological system, the writing system, morphological structure, syntactic structure, and information structure. The book often relates the comparison of the two languages to linguistic typology and language universals. Moreover, the conceptions of some of the linguistic notions (e.g. “word,” “subject,” and “(im)perfective”) touched upon in this work have theoretical implications. This book is intended for researchers, instructors, and students who are interested in language comparison and linguistic typology in general and/or in the comparison of Chinese and English in particular. It can be used both as a reference and as a textbook.