Khwe
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Christa Kilian-Hatz
Abstract
Khwe uses four of five cross-linguistically attested strategies of participant marking: (1) Constituent order is relevant only in basic sentences. (2) Most postpositions assign a semantic role to peripheral participant, whereas the postposition à marks a core participant. (3) There is one instance of suffixation: The oblique case suffix -à or the gender suffixes -B and -cì mark a peripheral participant which may precede a postposition or is a nominal attribute. (4) Finally, derivation through suffixes attached to the verb stem is used to vary the semantics of the verb, which may also result in a manipulation of the valency of the verb. The fifth strategy – verb-serialization – only applies in combination with the verb *ma / *mō´ as a lexical source for a derivational suffix.
Abstract
Khwe uses four of five cross-linguistically attested strategies of participant marking: (1) Constituent order is relevant only in basic sentences. (2) Most postpositions assign a semantic role to peripheral participant, whereas the postposition à marks a core participant. (3) There is one instance of suffixation: The oblique case suffix -à or the gender suffixes -B and -cì mark a peripheral participant which may precede a postposition or is a nominal attribute. (4) Finally, derivation through suffixes attached to the verb stem is used to vary the semantics of the verb, which may also result in a manipulation of the valency of the verb. The fifth strategy – verb-serialization – only applies in combination with the verb *ma / *mō´ as a lexical source for a derivational suffix.
Chapters in this book
- Prelim pages i
- Table of contents v
- Preface ix
- Abbreviations and glossing conventions xi
- List of contributors xv
- Introduction 1
- !Xun 23
- Alaaba 55
- Haro 97
- Hone 123
- Ik 141
- Jalonke 173
- Khwe 215
- Likpe 239
- Makonde 281
- Tama 305
- Tima 331
- Wolaitta 355
- Index 385
Chapters in this book
- Prelim pages i
- Table of contents v
- Preface ix
- Abbreviations and glossing conventions xi
- List of contributors xv
- Introduction 1
- !Xun 23
- Alaaba 55
- Haro 97
- Hone 123
- Ik 141
- Jalonke 173
- Khwe 215
- Likpe 239
- Makonde 281
- Tama 305
- Tima 331
- Wolaitta 355
- Index 385
