8. Using eye tracking as a measure of foreign language learners’ noticing of recasts during computer-mediated writing conferences
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Bryan Smith
Abstract
This study used eye tracking to explore the relationship between second-language recasts, noticing, and learning during computer-mediated communication. Learners’ eye fixations were used as a measure of noticing. We examined the relationship between occurrence, number, and duration of fixations and posttest success and between the nature of the recasts and fixation duration. Intermediate learners of Spanish and German (N = 16) engaged in chat conferences with their instructor, taking posttests one week later. Results showed a relationship between noticing of lexical and grammatical form and posttest success. Suggestive effects were found for fixation number and posttest success and for number of targets in complex recasts and fixation duration. Eye tracking can be a useful tool for exploring attention to form.
Abstract
This study used eye tracking to explore the relationship between second-language recasts, noticing, and learning during computer-mediated communication. Learners’ eye fixations were used as a measure of noticing. We examined the relationship between occurrence, number, and duration of fixations and posttest success and between the nature of the recasts and fixation duration. Intermediate learners of Spanish and German (N = 16) engaged in chat conferences with their instructor, taking posttests one week later. Results showed a relationship between noticing of lexical and grammatical form and posttest success. Suggestive effects were found for fixation number and posttest success and for number of targets in complex recasts and fixation duration. Eye tracking can be a useful tool for exploring attention to form.
Chapters in this book
- Prelim pages i
- Table of contents v
- List of contributors vii
- Preface xi
-
Part I. Interactions in L2 classrooms
- 1. Promoting attention to form through task repetition in a Korean EFL context 3
- 2. Language-related episodes during collaborative tasks 25
- 3. The impact of increasing task complexity on L2 pragmatic moves 45
- 4. Tasks and traditional practice activities in a foreign language context 71
- 5. Building explicit L2 Spanish knowledge through guided induction in small group and whole class interaction 89
- 6. Classroom interaction and learning opportunities across time and space 109
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Part II. Interactions involving technology
- 7. The cyber language exchange 129
- 8. Using eye tracking as a measure of foreign language learners’ noticing of recasts during computer-mediated writing conferences 147
- 9. A corpus approach to studying structural convergence in task-based Spanish L2 interactions 167
- 10. Preemptive feedback in CALL 189
- 11. Learner perceptions of clickers as a source of feedback in the classroom 209
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Part III. Interactions in other educational settings
- 12. International engineering graduate students’ interactional patterns on a paired speaking test 227
- 13. The effectiveness of interactive group orals for placement testing 247
- 14. Interaction in conversation groups 269
- 15. Language production opportunities during whole-group interaction in conversation group settings 293
- Appendix 315
- Index 317
Chapters in this book
- Prelim pages i
- Table of contents v
- List of contributors vii
- Preface xi
-
Part I. Interactions in L2 classrooms
- 1. Promoting attention to form through task repetition in a Korean EFL context 3
- 2. Language-related episodes during collaborative tasks 25
- 3. The impact of increasing task complexity on L2 pragmatic moves 45
- 4. Tasks and traditional practice activities in a foreign language context 71
- 5. Building explicit L2 Spanish knowledge through guided induction in small group and whole class interaction 89
- 6. Classroom interaction and learning opportunities across time and space 109
-
Part II. Interactions involving technology
- 7. The cyber language exchange 129
- 8. Using eye tracking as a measure of foreign language learners’ noticing of recasts during computer-mediated writing conferences 147
- 9. A corpus approach to studying structural convergence in task-based Spanish L2 interactions 167
- 10. Preemptive feedback in CALL 189
- 11. Learner perceptions of clickers as a source of feedback in the classroom 209
-
Part III. Interactions in other educational settings
- 12. International engineering graduate students’ interactional patterns on a paired speaking test 227
- 13. The effectiveness of interactive group orals for placement testing 247
- 14. Interaction in conversation groups 269
- 15. Language production opportunities during whole-group interaction in conversation group settings 293
- Appendix 315
- Index 317
