Volume 26, Issue 1

Medical textiles for amputee care during postoperative, rehabilitation, and prosthetic period play an important role in the effective correction of stump formation. Treatment of amputations involves not only initial stabilization, but also create conditions for the formation of a stump optimal for effective prosthetics. At the stage of amputation, the use of functional compression covers that provide uniform pressure from the distal to the proximal area of the stump is particularly effective. Additional antimicrobial treatment of the covers can prevent the growth of pathogenic bacteria on the wound surface of the amputated limb. The article deals with the issue of antimicrobial activity of functional knitted covers for rehabilitation purposes with a combination of compression and antimicrobial activity resistant to repeated washings. To impart antimicrobial properties, two methods of surface modification of knitted fabrics were used: treatment with copper sulphate and hydrazine sulphate as reducing agents, and use of phenyl phenolic intensifier in a dye bath. Furthermore, an effect of multiple washing on the compression alteration and antimicrobial activity of knitted compression covers was investigated. It was found that the most effective method to ensure the wash-resistant antimicrobial activity of knitted compression covers is surface modification using a phenyl phenolic intensifier in the dye bath. After multiple washes, compression class of the most of the developed compression knitted covers did not change, what ensures proper compression treatment of amputated limbs.

Tech pack is a comprehensive communication document that provides detailed instructions and specifications for apparel production. It serves as contracts between design sections, production sections, and clients, ensuring consistency, accuracy, and effective communication throughout the product development process. This study aims to identify and examine the specific components of tech packs. Through surveys, interviews, and analysis of existing tech packs, the study validates the importance of each component and its contribution to the overall effectiveness of tech packs. The methodology involves hypothesis generation, questionnaire development, data collection through surveys, and data analysis using statistical techniques. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) technique was used to prove the model statistically by using AMOS and SPSS software. Results were improved by several iterations, and they verified that the obtained components of tech packs are necessary to get the right information from customers. Finally, the study developed a conceptual model that describes the relations among all tech pack components and illustrates their interactions and benefits within the apparel sector in question. Furthermore, this study will contribute to the improvement and standardization of tech pack development, ultimately enhancing productivity and ensuring consistent and accurate apparel product development.

The progress of textile technology continually drives the development of the textile product market, making the clarification of its research trajectory a key priority in the field. This paper aims to map the research status, core themes, and future trends of textile technology during 2005–2025, and specifically to elucidate the profound reasons for the field’s recent research growth entering a plateau after a period of high output. The study adopts the bibliometric method, using 1,365 papers retrieved from the Web of Science database as a sample, and employs CiteSpace for a systematic analysis of keywords, authors, institutions, and disciplines. The results show that the field has formed a well-established research cluster centered on materials science and engineering, with representative institutions including Lodz University of Technology and Donghua University. Research topics are highly concentrated on nanotechnology and surface modification, dedicated to enhancing fabric functionality, such as strengthening mechanical properties and increasing antibacterial capacity. At the same time, emerging themes such as smart textiles and silver nanoparticles have concentratedly emerged since 2023, reflecting a transformation demand towards intelligence and functionalization. Crucially, evidence at the institutional and disciplinary levels indicates that cooperation and knowledge integration between cutting-edge knowledge streams such as artificial intelligence, biology, and ecology and the aforementioned mainstream materials science cluster are significantly insufficient. The structural divide between the mainstream and the cutting-edge is the fundamental reason for the field’s stagnation following a period of rapid growth. Future research emphasis should shift from incremental optimization within material science to breaking disciplinary boundaries and fostering deep interdisciplinary integration.

The paper presents the characteristics of nine designed and manufactured variants of spindle heads for balloon-less spinning, the shapes of which were developed on the basis of the solutions previously used by leading manufacturers of ring spinning machines and spinning spindles, represented by such companies as: (“Bigagli semi-worsted ring spinning frame. Royal Westa (Canada), Delpiano Company FD-104, Talleres Galan firm (Spain), Gaudino Company M-4707, Houget Duesberg Bosson CBY3, Wifama Company (Poland). The spindle heads included four original design variants made of wrought aluminium, allowing the possibility of shaping their teeth (notches) by extrusion using a hydraulic press. Then, the impact of these design solutions of the ring spinner spindle head (rosette), as represented by the head weight and the phases of the package formation (package base, body and head), on the yarn tension was analysed. The analysis involved the minimum and maximum tension values, as well as the tension amplitude. The conducted tests demonstrated that the tension value is influenced by both the weight of the spindle head and the phase of package formation. In addition, as the weight of the spindle head increases, both the yarn tension and the amplitude of the tension increase as well. Due to the fact that the increase in tension negatively affects the spinning process, the spindle head weight in the design solutions needs to be minimized. Studies focused on yarn tension in balloon spinning, whereas this study systematically evaluates spindle head geometry in balloon-less spinning. These findings provide design guidelines for minimizing yarn tension in industrial balloon-less spinning systems.