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Effect of Contaminated Water with Laundry Detergent on Foxtail Millet Root and Physiological Traits

  • Hassan Heidari , Maliheh Yosefi , Shahryar Sasani and Iraj Nosratti
Published/Copyright: March 3, 2017
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Tenside Surfactants Detergents
From the journal Tenside Surfactants Detergents Volume 54 Issue 2

Abstract

Foxtail millet is a short life cycle plant and known as a drought tolerant crop. Nowadays, contaminated wastewater with laundry detergent is used for irrigation. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of contaminated water with laundry detergent on foxtail millet root and physiological traits. Contaminated water (concentration of 0, 0.1, 1 and 10 g l−1 of laundry detergent) and irrigation interval (1, 2 and 3 days) made the factors. Results showed that drought and contamination decreased chlorophyll, root number, root dry weight, root volume and root surface area. High concentrations of laundry detergent decreased the leaf relative water content. The sodium content of root was increased under drought and moderate concentration of laundry detergent, but the root potassium content was decreased by drought and detergent.

Kurzfassung

Die Kolbenhirse (italienische Borstenhirse) hat einen kurzen Lebenszyklus und ist als eine trockenheitsresistente Pflanze bekannt. Zur Bewässerung wird heutzutage mit Waschmittel kontaminiertes Wasser verwendet. Ein Topfexperiment wurde durchgeführt, um den Einfluss des mit Waschmittel kontaminierten Wassers auf die Kolbenhirsewurzel und die physiologischen Merkmale zu beurteilen. Die Bewertungsfaktoren waren das kontaminierte Wasser mit Waschmittelkonzentrationen von 0, 0.1, 1 und 10 g l−1 und ein Bewässerungsintervall von 1, 2 und 3 Tagen. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass Trockenheit und Kontamination das Chlorophyll, die Wurzelzahl, das Wurzeltrockengewicht, das Wurzelvolumen und die Wurzeloberfläche verringert haben. Hohe Konzentrationen von Waschmittel verringerten den relativen Wassergehalt im Blatt. Der Natriumgehalt der Wurzel wurde bei Trockenheit und moderater Konzentration des Waschmittels erhöht, aber der Kaliumgehalt in den Wurzeln wurde durch Trockenheit und Waschmittel verringert.

Key words: Detergent; drought; relative water content; root surface area
Stichwörter: Waschmittel; Trockenheit; relativer Wassergehalt; Wurzeloberfläche
* Correspondence address, Dr. Hassan Heidari, Razi University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Kermanshah, Iran, E-Mail:

Dr. Hassan Heidari was born in May 1981. He completed his Ph. D. in 2011 from University of Tehran, Tehran. He is working as Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

Eng. Maliheh Yosefi studied for her M. Sc. at Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. She was graduated in 2015.

Dr. Shahryar Sasani was born in in Feb 1972. He completed his Ph. D. in 2009 from University of Tehran, Tehran. He is working as Assistant Professor, Head of Research Department, Horticultural Crops Research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Kermanshah, Iran

Dr. Iraj Nosratti was born in in March 1981. He completed his Ph. D. in 2012 from University of Tehran, Tehran. He is working as Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

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Received: 2015-10-28
Accepted: 2016-12-05
Published Online: 2017-03-03
Published in Print: 2017-03-15

© 2017, Carl Hanser Publisher, Munich

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Review
  4. Origin, Properties, Production and Purification of Microbial Surfactants as Molecules with Immense Commercial Potential
  5. Novel Surfactants
  6. Determination of Surface-Active Characteristics of a Natural Surfactant Extracted from Sapindus Saponaria
  7. Environmental Chemistry
  8. Effect of Contaminated Water with Laundry Detergent on Foxtail Millet Root and Physiological Traits
  9. Washing Technology
  10. Influence of Water Circulation in Household Washing Machines on Cleaning Performance
  11. Physical Chemistry
  12. Approach of Different Properties of Alkylammonium Surfactants using Artificial Intelligence and Response Surface Methodology
  13. Micellar Parameters of Cationic Surfactant Cetylpyridinium Bromide in Aqueous Solutions of Amino Acids at Different Temperatures: Conductometric, Surface Tension, Volumetric and Viscosity Study
  14. Cloud Point of Mixed Ionic-Nonionic Surfactant Solutions in the Presence of Inorganic Salts
  15. Surface/Interfacial Tension, Wettability and Foaming Properties of Bi-Component Nonylphenol Alkyl Sulfonates based on Linear Alpha Olefin
  16. Application
  17. Characterization and Surface Active Properties of Aliphatic Glycerol Acetal Disodium Sulfosuccinates
  18. A Comparative Study on the Cloud Point Extraction Behavior of Copper(II) from Sulphate Medium by N,N′-Bis(Salicylidene)Ethylenediamine using Triton X-100 and Tergitol 15-S-7 as Non-ionic Surfactants
https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110487
Keywords for this article
Detergent; drought; relative water content; root surface area

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Review
  4. Origin, Properties, Production and Purification of Microbial Surfactants as Molecules with Immense Commercial Potential
  5. Novel Surfactants
  6. Determination of Surface-Active Characteristics of a Natural Surfactant Extracted from Sapindus Saponaria
  7. Environmental Chemistry
  8. Effect of Contaminated Water with Laundry Detergent on Foxtail Millet Root and Physiological Traits
  9. Washing Technology
  10. Influence of Water Circulation in Household Washing Machines on Cleaning Performance
  11. Physical Chemistry
  12. Approach of Different Properties of Alkylammonium Surfactants using Artificial Intelligence and Response Surface Methodology
  13. Micellar Parameters of Cationic Surfactant Cetylpyridinium Bromide in Aqueous Solutions of Amino Acids at Different Temperatures: Conductometric, Surface Tension, Volumetric and Viscosity Study
  14. Cloud Point of Mixed Ionic-Nonionic Surfactant Solutions in the Presence of Inorganic Salts
  15. Surface/Interfacial Tension, Wettability and Foaming Properties of Bi-Component Nonylphenol Alkyl Sulfonates based on Linear Alpha Olefin
  16. Application
  17. Characterization and Surface Active Properties of Aliphatic Glycerol Acetal Disodium Sulfosuccinates
  18. A Comparative Study on the Cloud Point Extraction Behavior of Copper(II) from Sulphate Medium by N,N′-Bis(Salicylidene)Ethylenediamine using Triton X-100 and Tergitol 15-S-7 as Non-ionic Surfactants
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