Influence of Heat Treatment on the Performance of Polymers as Gypsum (CaSO4 · 2H2O) Scale Inhibitors for Industrial Water Applications
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Zahid Amjad
Abstract
The inhibition of gypsum precipitation by homo-, co-, and terpolymers has been examined in aqueous solution. It has been found that polymer performance as gypsum inhibitor depends upon polymer composition, type of comonomer, and functional groups. Results on the evaluation of polymers suggest that compared to co- and terpolymers, homopolymers containing carboxyl group are effective gypsum inhibitors. The impact of heat treatment (150°C to 240°C) on the performance of various homo-, co-, and teropolymers as gypsum inhibitors has also been investigated. It has been observed that all polymers lose performance to a varying degree when exposed to thermal treatment. Performance data on co- and terpolymers containing amido group show improved performance after heat treatment suggesting the formation of carboxyl group. Scanning electron microscopic investigations of gypsum crystals grown in the presence of polymers show that structures of these crystals are highly modified.
Kurzfassung
Es wurde die Hemmung von Gipsausfällungen durch Homo-, Co- und Terpolymere untersucht. Es wurde gefunden, dass die Wirksamkeit der Polymere als Inhibitor von der Polymerzusammensetzung, dem Comonomertyp und den funktionellen Gruppen abhängig ist. Die Bewertung der Polymere aufgrund der Ergebnisse zeigt, dass Homopolymere, die eine Carboxylgruppe enthalten, im Vergleich zu den Co- und Terpolymeren effektive Gipsinhibitoren sind. Der Einfluss einer Wärmebehandlung (150°C to 240°C) auf die Wirksamkeit der verschiedenen Homo-, Co- und Terpolymeren als Gipsinhibitor wurde untersucht. Man konnte feststellen, dass die Wirksamkeit aller Polymere nach einer thermischen Behandlung in unterschiedlichem Grad nach einer thermischen Behandlung verringert war. Co- und Terpolymere, die eine Amidogruppe besitzen, zeigen eine verbesserte Leistung nach der Wärmebehandlung, was auf die Bildung einer Carboxylgruppe hinweist. Rasterelektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen an Gipskristallen, die in Anwesenheit von Polymeren gewachsen sind, zeigen, dass ihre Kristallstrukturen stark verändert sind.
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© 2012, Carl Hanser Publisher, Munich
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Articles in the same Issue
- Contents/Inhalt
- Contents
- Abstracts
- Abstracts
- Application
- An Advanced Method for the Preparation of Erucyl Dimethyl Amidopropyl Betaine and Acid Solution Properties
- Development and Validation of Micellar-Enhanced Spectrofluorimetric Method for Determination of Sulpiride in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Biological Samples
- Influence of Heat Treatment on the Performance of Polymers as Gypsum (CaSO4 · 2H2O) Scale Inhibitors for Industrial Water Applications
- Environmental Chemistry
- Adsorption Kinetics of Cu(II) from Aqueous Solution by Low Cost Chemically Modified Saw Dust of Morus alba
- Immobilized Micro-Organism in Mesoporous Activated Carbon for Treatment of Tannery Waste Water
- Physical Chemistry
- Kinetic Studies of Glutamic Acid Oxidation by Hexavalent Chromium in Presence of Surfactants
- Mixed Micelles Containing Sodium Laurate: Effect of Chain Length, Polar Head Group, and Added Salt
- Synthesis
- Investigating of Synthesis Parameters, Kinetics and Pilot Plant of Sodium Sarcosinate
- Synthesis and Surface Properties of CO2H Type Gemini Surfactant Having Semifluoroalkyl Group as Hydrophobic Group
