Glucose sensors in medicine: overview
-
Carlota Guati
, Lucía Gomez-Coma , Marcos Fallanza and Inmaculada Ortiz
Abstract
In recent years society has seen significant progress in the development of the glucose sensing field since diabetes mellitus represents the seventh cause of death at global scale. An accurate detection method of glucose concentration can be an effective way to prevent and treat diabetes and other pathologies where glucose is an important biomarker, such as glucagonoma or acromegaly. In this way, glucose sensors play a considerable role in any healthcare system. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of numerous glucose sensors from a chemical engineering perspective. The examined sensors are based on the electrochemical detection principle due to their advantages over other detection methods. The chapter also provides important information related to design aspects and new lines of research on affordable and reliable glucose sensors.
Funding source: Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
Award Identifier / Grant number: PDC2022-133122-I00_ MICIU/AEI/10.13039/50110001103
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the editors David Bogle and Tomasz Sosnowski for their guidance and review of this article before its publication.
-
Research ethics: Not applicable.
-
Informed consent: Not applicable.
-
Author contributions: Conceptualization, C.G. and L.G.-C.; methodology, C.G., L.G.-C. and M.F.;formal analysis, C.G.; investigation, C.G.; data; writing–original draft preparation, C.G.; writing–review and editing, C.G., L.G.-C. and I.O.; supervision, I.O.; funding acquisition, I.O. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
-
Use of Large Language Models, AI and Machine Learning Tools: None declared.
-
Conflict of interest: The author states no conflict of interest.
-
Research funding: This research was funded by the grant Concepción Arenal from the University of Cantabria and the project PDC2022-133122-I00 funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by UE Next GenerationEU/PRTR.
-
Data availability: Not applicable.
References
1. Naikoo, GA, Salim, H, Hassan, IU, Awan, T, Arshad, F, Pedram, MZ, et al.. Recent advances in non-enzymatic glucose sensors based on metal and metal oxide nanostructures for diabetes management – a review. Front Chem 2021;9:1–20. https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2021.748957.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
2. Pour, SRS, Calabria, D, Emamiamin, A, Lazzarini, E, Pace, A, Guardigli, M, et al.. Electrochemical vs. optical biosensors for point-of-care applications: a critical review. Chemosensors 2023;11:1–29. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11100546.Search in Google Scholar
3. Shubrook, J, Butts, A, Chamberlain, JJ, Johnson, EL, Leal, S, Rhinehart, AS, et al.. Standards of medical care in diabetes—2017 abridged for primary care providers. Clin Diabetes 2017;35:5–26. https://doi.org/10.2337/cd16-0067.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
4. Karpova, EV, Karyakina, EE, Karyakin, AA. Wearable non-invasive monitors of diabetes and hypoxia through continuous analysis of sweat. Talanta 2020;215:120922. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120922.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
5. Di Filippo, D, Sunstrum, FN, Khan, JU, Welsh, AW. Non-invasive glucose sensing technologies and products: a comprehensive review for researchers and clinicians. Sensors 2023;23. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23229130.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
6. Davison, NB, Gaffney, CJ, Kerns, JG, Zhuang, QD. Recent progress and perspectives on non-invasive glucose sensors. Diabetology 2022;3:56–71. https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology3010005.Search in Google Scholar
7. Karpova, EV, Karyakin, AA. Noninvasive monitoring of diabetes and hypoxia by wearable flow-through biosensors. Curr Opin Electrochem 2020;23:16–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coelec.2020.02.018.Search in Google Scholar
8. Nyein, HYY, Bariya, M, Kivimäki, L, Uusitalo, S, Liaw, TS, Jansson, E, et al.. Regional and correlative sweat analysis using high-throughput microfluidic sensing patches toward decoding sweat. Sci Adv 2019;5:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw9906.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
9. Zhang, Y, Li, N, Xiang, Y, Wang, D, Zhang, P, Wang, Y, et al.. A flexible non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on copper nanoparticles anchored on laser-induced graphene. Carbon N Y 2020;156:506–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2019.10.006.Search in Google Scholar
10. Amirzadeh, Z, Javadpour, S, Shariat, MH, Knibbe, R. Non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on copper oxide and multi-wall carbon nanotubes using PEDOT:PSS matrix. Synth Met 2018;245:160–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2018.08.021.Search in Google Scholar
11. Sun, Y, Li, Y, Wang, N, Xu, QQ, Xu, L, Lin, M. Copper-based metal-organic framework for non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of glucose. Electroanalysis 2018;30:474–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.201700629.Search in Google Scholar
12. Kurt, UB, Demir, Ü, Öznülüer Özer, T, Öztürk Doğan, H. Electrochemical fabrication of Ni nanoparticles-decorated electrochemically reduced graphene oxide composite electrode for non-enzymatic glucose detection. Thin Solid Films 2020;693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2019.137695.Search in Google Scholar
13. Jeong, H, Tran, KD, Tran, DT, Kim, NH, Lee, JH. Catalytic manipulation of Ni nanostructures-immobilized CNTs via nitrogen coupling for robust water electrolysis and effective glucose detection. Mater Today Sustain 2023;23:100413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtsust.2023.100413.Search in Google Scholar
14. Babulal, SM, Chen, SM, Palani, R, Venkatesh, K, Haidyrah, AS, Ramaraj, SK, et al.. Graphene oxide template based synthesis of NiCo2O4 nanosheets for high performance non-enzymatic glucose sensor. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021;621:126600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126600.Search in Google Scholar
15. Guati, C, Gomez-Coma, L, Fallanza, M, Ortiz, I. Progress on the influence of non-enzymatic electrodes characteristics on the response to glucose detection: a review (2016–2022). Rev Chem Eng 2024;40:123–48. https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2022-0058.Search in Google Scholar
16. Chakraborty, P, Deka, N, Patra, DC, Debnath, K, Mondal, SP. Hydrothermally grown porous cobalt oxide nanostructures for enzyme-less glucose detection. J Electron Mater 2021;50:3699–705. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-021-08852-5.Search in Google Scholar
17. Abrori, SA, Trisno, MLA, Aritonang, RA, Anshori, I, Nugraha, S, Yuliarto, B, et al.. Synthesis and characterization of metal-organic framework (MOF) CoBTC as a non-enzymatic electrochemical biosensor for glucose. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng 2021;1045:012006. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1045/1/012006.Search in Google Scholar
18. Myung, Y, Jang, DM, Cho, YJ, Kim, HS, Park, J, Kim, JU, et al.. Nonenzymatic amperometric glucose sensing of platinum, copper sulfide, and tin oxide nanoparticle-carbon nanotube hybrid nanostructures. J Phys Chem C 2009;113:1251–9. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp806633j.Search in Google Scholar
19. Islam, T, Hasan, MM, Awal, A, Nurunnabi, M, Ahammad, AJS. Metal nanoparticles for electrochemical sensing: progress and challenges in the clinical transition of point-of-care testing. Molecules 2020;25:8–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25245787.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
© 2025 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Reviews
- Chemical engineering methods in better understanding of blood hydrodynamics in atherosclerosis disease
- Nanocomposites in energy conversion
- Chemical engineering contribution to hemodialysis innovation: achieving the wearable artificial kidneys with nanomaterial-based dialysate regeneration
- A systems engineering approach to medicine
- Lipid-based nanoparticles for nucleic acids delivery
- Glucose sensors in medicine: overview
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Reviews
- Chemical engineering methods in better understanding of blood hydrodynamics in atherosclerosis disease
- Nanocomposites in energy conversion
- Chemical engineering contribution to hemodialysis innovation: achieving the wearable artificial kidneys with nanomaterial-based dialysate regeneration
- A systems engineering approach to medicine
- Lipid-based nanoparticles for nucleic acids delivery
- Glucose sensors in medicine: overview