9 Crystallographic challenges in corrosion research
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Christiane Stephan-Scherb
Abstract
High-temperature corrosion is a widespread problem in various industries. As soon as a hot and reactive gas (CO2, O2, H2O, SO2, NOx, etc.) is in contact with a solid, physico-chemical processes at the surface and interfaces lead to material degradation. The processes are dynamic and controlled by thermodynamic and kinetic boundary conditions. Whether a reaction product is protective or not depends on various factors, such as chemical composition of the solid and the reactive media, surface treatment as well as diffusion and transport paths of cations and anions. Resulting chemical and structural inhomogeneities with the corrosion layers are characterized by off stoichiometry within cationic and anionic sub lattices. The competitive processes can be studied by various techniques of applied crystallography. This chapter gives an overview on the challenges of chemical-structural analysis of reaction products by crystallographic methods such as X-ray diffraction and X-ray near-edge structure spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy electron backscatter diffraction (SEM-EBSD) for corrosion science.
Abstract
High-temperature corrosion is a widespread problem in various industries. As soon as a hot and reactive gas (CO2, O2, H2O, SO2, NOx, etc.) is in contact with a solid, physico-chemical processes at the surface and interfaces lead to material degradation. The processes are dynamic and controlled by thermodynamic and kinetic boundary conditions. Whether a reaction product is protective or not depends on various factors, such as chemical composition of the solid and the reactive media, surface treatment as well as diffusion and transport paths of cations and anions. Resulting chemical and structural inhomogeneities with the corrosion layers are characterized by off stoichiometry within cationic and anionic sub lattices. The competitive processes can be studied by various techniques of applied crystallography. This chapter gives an overview on the challenges of chemical-structural analysis of reaction products by crystallographic methods such as X-ray diffraction and X-ray near-edge structure spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy electron backscatter diffraction (SEM-EBSD) for corrosion science.
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Foreword V
- Contents VII
- List of contributors IX
- 1 In situ tools for the exploration of structure–property relationships 1
- 2 Understanding stacking disorder in layered functional materials using powder diffraction 55
- Crystal chemistry investigations on photovoltaic chalcogenides 93
- 4 Energy band gap variations in chalcogenide compound semiconductors: influence of crystal structure, structural disorder, and compositional variations 123
- 5 Halide semiconductors: symmetry relations in the perovskite type and beyond 153
- 6 Structural ordering in ceria-based suboxides applied for thermochemical water splitting 185
- 7 The influence of electrode material crystal structure on battery performance 217
- 8 Hydroborates as novel solid-state electrolytes 265
- 9 Crystallographic challenges in corrosion research 291
- 10 Crystallographic diffraction techniques and density functional theory: two sides of the same coin? 317
- 11 Crystallographic deviants: modelling symmetry shirkers 339
- Index 355
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Foreword V
- Contents VII
- List of contributors IX
- 1 In situ tools for the exploration of structure–property relationships 1
- 2 Understanding stacking disorder in layered functional materials using powder diffraction 55
- Crystal chemistry investigations on photovoltaic chalcogenides 93
- 4 Energy band gap variations in chalcogenide compound semiconductors: influence of crystal structure, structural disorder, and compositional variations 123
- 5 Halide semiconductors: symmetry relations in the perovskite type and beyond 153
- 6 Structural ordering in ceria-based suboxides applied for thermochemical water splitting 185
- 7 The influence of electrode material crystal structure on battery performance 217
- 8 Hydroborates as novel solid-state electrolytes 265
- 9 Crystallographic challenges in corrosion research 291
- 10 Crystallographic diffraction techniques and density functional theory: two sides of the same coin? 317
- 11 Crystallographic deviants: modelling symmetry shirkers 339
- Index 355
