Schriften zum chinesischen Recht
In den letzten 25 Jahren hat das chinesische Recht eine beeindruckende Entwicklung erfahren. In zunehmendem Maße wird es Gegenstand wissenschaftlicher Untersuchungen, und in Deutschland erscheinen in immer größerer Zahl Publikationen, die das chinesische Recht für die Rechtsvergleichung erschließen oder es rechtsvergleichend mit anderen Rechtsordnungen erörtern.
In der neuen Schriftenreihe Schriften zum chinesischen Recht, die im Auftrag der Deutsch-Chinesischen Juristenvereinigung von Professor Dr. Uwe Blaurock, Freiburg, Professor Dr. Ulrich Manthe, Passau, Dr. Knut B. Pißler, Hamburg, und Professorin Dr. Christiane Wendehorst, Göttingen, herausgegeben wird, sollen in erster Linie Monographien, wie etwa herausragende Dissertationen oder Habilitationsschriften erscheinen, darüber hinaus aber auch Tagungsbände sowie kommentierte Übersetzungen wichtiger chinesischer Gesetze oder zweisprachige Gesetzessammlungen. Es soll hiermit der wissenschaftliche Gedankenaustausch mit China gefördert und für rechtsvergleichend arbeitende Juristen eine Publikationsplattform geschaffen werden. Ein besonderer Gesichtspunkt ist dabei auch der Praxisbezug der veröffentlichten Werke.
Die Herausgeber hoffen, dass die Schriften zum chinesischen Recht künftig einen wesentlichen Bestandteil des rechtlichen Dialogs zwischen Deutschland und China bilden werden und wünschen ihnen eine wohlwollende Aufnahme in der juristischen Öffentlichkeit.
Die Europäische Union rangiert mit einem Investitionsvolumen von über 5 Milliarden USD unter den wichtigsten Handelspartnern Chinas. Mit zunehmender Verflechtung Chinas im Weltmarktgefüge und der Internationalisierung der Märkte steigt derweil das Potential an Wirtschaftsstreitigkeiten stetig an. In der Vergangenheit bevorzugten ausländische Investoren zur Beilegung von Streitigkeiten überwiegend chinesische und internationale Schiedsgerichte, die im Vergleich zu chinesischen Volksgerichten als besonders neutrale Instanzen geschätzt wurden.
Die Arbeit leistet einen Beitrag zur Identifikation typischer Streit- und Konfliktbereiche bei ausländischen Direktinvestitionen in der Volksrepublik China und zeigt deren Ursachen im materiellen Recht auf. Darauf aufbauend wird das ordentliche Gerichtsverfahren unter Beachtung der ständigen Rechtsprechungspraxis der Volksgerichte auf dessen Vor- und Nachteile für ausländische Investoren hin untersucht. Nach mehreren Reformwellen des Gesetzgebers und der jüngsten Revision des Zivilprozessgesetzes besitzt das ordentliche Gerichtsverfahren das Potential, das Schiedsverfahren in Zukunft auf einigen Bereichen als bevorzugte Streitbeilegungsmethode abzulösen.
The following article provides a comprehensive analysis of the Tort Law of the People`s Republic of China. For many years, Chinese Tort Law has been a controversial issue among Chinese legal scholars. This article examines the status quo of the discourse in the literature and provides specific illustrations of how general Tort principles such as causation, negligence and damages are applied in Chinese courts. Since the availability of Chinese case law is limited and many opinions lack reasoning, the article analyses representative cases to provide a basic understanding of how Tort Law functions within the Chinese legal system.
This article has seven chapters. First (chapter A), this article presents an overview of the GdH in context of the civil law reform of China and summarizes the most important disputes within the legislative procedure. Second (chapter B), the article addresses the conflicts between the GdH and the General Principles of Civil Law in the PR China and special tort laws. Third (chapter C), the article examines in detail the scope of GdH's protection. In this chapter, "General Principles" such as causation, justification, intention/negligence and damages are discussed. In addition, this chapter presents the concept of the joint and several liability factors that reduce and eliminate liability and general injunctive relief. To conclude the general part of the article, questions concerning the burden of proof and the limitation of liability are discussed due to their importance in court proceedings.
To follow the general part of the article, chapter D introduces the general liability clauses. Chapter E analyses the liability of special legal persons and individuals. Part E of this article provides an overview concerning product liability, liability for traffic accidents, liability for medical malpractice, environmental liability, liability for high risks, liability for animals and liability for special items. The article concludes with a discussion of the overarching themes of Chinese Tort Law that emerge from the above analysis.
In 2008 the Supreme People's Court (SPC) has promulgated the "Regulations on the Cause of Civil Action". The promulgation of the Regulations has significance in various regards. It clearly signals a new approach of the SPC to systemize and compile the status quo of the Chinese civil law system. With the Regulations the SPC aims to help lower courts and parties of legal actions to correctly apply the law. It further wants to collect accurate statistical information about court decisions and to gather these court decisions. The SPC ultimately intents to build a systematic collection of court decisions, which shall provide the people's courts with a reliable data base for reference in deciding cases in the future. This new approach of the SPC has deep impact on the understanding of the application of law in China as it undoubtedly reminds of the concept of writs in traditional English common law (i.e. types of action). The research compiled in this book is therefore going to the roots of the notion of law in China and to the relationship between claims arising from substantive law and the procedural arrangement to enforce these claims in civil procedure law.
The creation of a civil code in the Peoples’ Republic of China has been underway for quite some time. Debates have arisen within this process, one of which relates to the manner in which personality rights should be included in the codification. The issue of whether a general personality right for legal entities should be included in the civil code has proven especially controversial.
This work on the personality right under private law in the People’s Republic of China focuses on the current and possible future scope of the protection offered under the personality right. On the one hand, the extent of protection in personal terms, namely the question of who is considered to be a holder of personality rights, is examined. On the other hand, the extent of the personality right holder’s protection in factual terms is considered, i.e. which aspects are included under personality right protection.
The central aim of this work is to examine the applicable trust law in the People's Republic of China. This examination takes place against the backdrop of Anglo-Saxon trust regulations. In addition, the fiduciary administrative trust under German law is included as the basis of the examination. The core of this work is the Chinese solution to factual issues and conflicts of interest arising from the fiduciary granting of legal rights.
The applicable legislative regulations of the People's Republic of China on the subject of multi-modal carriage of goods contracts are the focus of this work. Special emphasis is placed on §§ 102-106 SHG and §§ 317-321 VG. However, general regulations on carriage of goods contracts that are applicable to multi-modal contracts are also considered.
This essay aims to contribute to the outsider's understanding of Chinese credit law. It seeks to provide the legal practitioner with an introduction to the Chinese credit law by familiarizing the reader with the history of its development, the status quo of the legislature, jurisprudence, as well as the discussions in Chinese literature.
